Publications#
Third-party publications that reference or mention DSS-Extensions
This is an incomplete list of references for papers, reports, patents or other general works that cite one of the DSS-Extensions or contain a mention in the full text. Besides this header and some light post-processing, currently it’s just a report from a Zotero collection. The list is also available in BibLaTeX format.
If you would like your work added, corrected or even removed from this document, please feel free to open a ticket at dss-extensions/dss-extensions#issues
Note
The item numbers below has no specific meaning. It was added just to make it easier to mention something on this page in case of errors and so on.
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Netload Range Cost Curves for a Transmission-Aware Distribution System Planning under DER Growth Uncertainty
Item Type Preprint Author Samuel Cordova Author Alexandre Moreira Author Miguel Heleno Abstract In the face of a substantial and uncertain growth of behind-the-meter Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), utilities and regulators are currently in the search for new network planning strategies for facilitating an efficient Transmission & Distribution (T&D) coordination. In this context, here we propose a novel distribution system planning methodology to facilitate coordinated planning exercises with transmission system planners through the management of long-term DER growth uncertainty and its impact on the substation netload. The proposed approach is based on the design of a transmission-aware distribution planning model embedding DER growth uncertainty, which is used to determine a “menu” of secure distribution network upgrade options with different associated costs and peak netload guarantees observed from the transmission-side, referred here as Netload Range Cost Curves (NRCCs). NRCCs can provide a practical approach for coordinating T&D planning exercises, as these curves can be integrated into existing transmission planning workflows, and specify a direct incentive for distribution planners to evaluate peak netload reduction alternatives in their planning process. We perform computational experiments based on a realistic distribution network that demonstrate the benefits and applicability of our proposed planning approach. Date 2024-02-12 Language en Library Catalog arXiv.org URL http://arxiv.org/abs/2402.07428 Accessed 2/15/2024, 10:54:31 AM Extra arXiv:2402.07428 [math] Repository arXiv Archive ID arXiv:2402.07428 Date Added 2/15/2024, 10:54:31 AM Modified 2/15/2024, 10:54:31 AM Tags:
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Line Parameter and Topology Estimation using a Deep Neural Network with Learnable Priors
Item Type Conference Paper Author Garima Prashal Author Parasuraman Sumathi Author Narayana Prasad Padhy Abstract The accurate topology and line parameters are crucial information for effective planning and controlling of the distribution systems. However, existing literature often assumes either full-scale deployment of micro-phasor measurement units (μPMUs) or the complete knowledge of the system topologies, which is unrealistic in practice. To address this, the author presents a deep learning-based approach for line parameter and topology estimation using historical measurements from μPMUs under partial observability. The proposed method incorporates a deep neural network (DNN) with a learnable regularizer, which takes into account the underlying system topology to achieve accurate and reliable line parameter and topology estimation. The proposed algorithm addresses the nonlinearity of power flows by unrolling the Gauss-Newton solver. This iterative process involves minimizing the losses and the learning regularization term alternatively. The proposed scheme’s performance is demonstrated on IEEE 33 test bus system, which showcases the algorithm’s efficacy. Date 2023-12 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10404538 Accessed 2/6/2024, 11:06:32 AM Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2023 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Smart Grid, and Renewable Energy (PESGRE) Conference Name 2023 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Smart Grid, and Renewable Energy (PESGRE) DOI 10.1109/PESGRE58662.2023.10404538 Date Added 2/6/2024, 11:06:32 AM Modified 2/6/2024, 11:06:32 AM Tags:
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Approximate Dynamic Programming with Enhanced Off-policy Learning for Coordinating Distributed Energy Resources
Item Type Journal Article Author Avijit Das Author Di Wu Author Bilal Ahmad Bhatti Author Mohamed Kamaludeen Date 2024 Library Catalog DOI.org (Crossref) URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10418983/ Accessed 2/6/2024, 11:06:00 AM Pages 1-13 Publication IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy DOI 10.1109/TSTE.2024.3361674 Journal Abbr IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy ISSN 1949-3029, 1949-3037 Date Added 2/6/2024, 11:06:00 AM Modified 2/6/2024, 11:06:00 AM Attachments
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Assessing the Security and Reliability of Interdependent Energy Infrastructure: Gas Pipelines, Transmission and Distribution Power Systems
Item Type Thesis Author Ignacio Losada Contributor Anna Scaglione Abstract Electric power systems are undergoing a transformation, characterized by an increase in power electronic converter interfaced technologies, e.g. wind and solar resources, FACTS devices, High-Voltage DC (HVDC) lines or power electronic interfaced loads. Increasing penetration of renewable energy resources, low gas prices, and the retirement of coal and nuclear power plants motivate the use of gas-fired power plants to mitigate the variability and uncertainty of wind and solar resources. The reliance on natural gas for electricity generation has increased over the past years in the US which comes with associated reliability and security risks due to the dependency an energy system may have on one another. Poor coordination between power and gas operations may compound the weaknesses of an already congested network. In addition, the proliferation of smart grid technologies that control distribution systems introduce higher levels of variability and uncertainty to the operation of power grids. In this research, we present a set of tools to model energy systems, including transmission and distribution power systems, or natural gas pipelines, and cyber networks. This framework is then used to devise algorithms that improve the security and reliability of interdependent energy systems and propose counter-measures against unexpected events.The first part of this thesis (Chapter 2) presents the models and algorithms to simulate and optimize North American power and gas delivery operations, both in transmission and distribution systems. The second part of this thesis (Chapter 3) provides novel datasets that aim to serve as a support to perform studies using the models proposed in Chapter 2. In this section, we focus our efforts in natural gas datasets in the continental United States, filling a gap in the literature and enabling academic studies of coupled natural gas and electricity delivery operations. In addition, we propose models to generate high-resolution and scalable solar time series to better capture the impacts of renewable energy uncertainty and variability on power system operations. The last part of this thesis (Chapters 4 and 5) studies the events that compromise security and reliability of energy systems from two different angles. We consider contingency events that are a result of a cyber-attack, e.g. perpetuated by a terrorist group or a nation-state, or due to natural circumstances, e.g. failure of a generator unit and extreme weather events. In these chapters, we propose algorithms and counter-measures to mitigate contingency events by ensuring that the system can operate in a safe and flexible secure region. Date 2023 Language English Archive ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global Loc. in Archive 2916377514 URL https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/assessing-security-reliability-interdependent/docview/2916377514/se-2?accountid=8113 Extra ISBN: 9798381413953 Publication Title: ProQuest Dissertations and Theses 30812006 Place United States -- New York # of Pages 164 Type Ph.D. University Cornell University Date Added 1/31/2024, 6:10:47 AM Modified 1/31/2024, 6:10:47 AM Tags:
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Copyright - Database copyright ProQuest LLC; ProQuest does not claim copyright in the individual underlying works.
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Last updated - 2024-01-19
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Voltage security region of a three-phase unbalanced distribution power system with dynamics
Item Type Journal Article Author Ignacio Losada Carreño Author Anna Scaglione Author Daniel Arnold Author Tong Wu Abstract Distributed energy resources (DER) and control assets on the grid provide mechanisms to ensure voltage support and power quality, and can be used as a means to maintain voltages close to nominal values. In this work, we study the security region of a system in the presence of devices with. We focus our efforts on the dynamics of devices that apply discrete changes, such as voltage regulators or capacitor banks, and DERs that change the power injections with Volt/Var/Watt functionality. The slow dynamics of these devices, coupled through the power flow equations, are modeled as a switching dynamical system where the switching condition depends on the operating point of the system. We identify the feasible set of DER power injections that prevent the switching of devices and oscillations in the voltage profile, and formulate an optimization problem that finds a robust operating point for voltage control. This operating point is the center of the largest Euclidean ball inscribed in the security region, and the radius of the ball is the security margin of the system. We showcase our models using the IEEE test cases. Our work has applications in voltage control and distribution planning Date 2024 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10400860 Accessed 1/19/2024, 8:10:56 PM Extra Conference Name: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems Pages 1-14 Publication IEEE Transactions on Power Systems DOI 10.1109/TPWRS.2024.3354888 ISSN 1558-0679 Date Added 1/19/2024, 8:10:56 PM Modified 1/19/2024, 8:10:56 PM Attachments
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GreenEVT: Greensboro Electric Vehicle Testbed
Item Type Journal Article Author Gustav Nilsson Author Alejandro D. Owen Aquino Author Samuel Coogan Author Daniel K. Molzahn Abstract The ongoing electrification of the transportation fleet will increase the load on the electric power grid. Since both the transportation network and the power grid already experience periods of significant stress, joint analyses of both infrastructures will most likely be necessary to ensure acceptable operation in the future. To enable such analyses, this article presents an open-source testbed that jointly simulates high-fidelity models of both the electric distribution system and the transportation network. The testbed utilizes two open-source simulators, OpenDSS to simulate the electric distribution system and the microscopic traffic simulator SUMO to simulate the traffic dynamics. Electric vehicle charging links the electric distribution system and the transportation network models at vehicle locations determined using publicly available parcel data. Leveraging high-fidelity synthetic electric distribution system data from the SMART-DS project and transportation system data from OpenStreetMap, this testbed models the city of Greensboro, NC down to the household level. Moreover, the methodology and the supporting scripts released with the testbed allow adaption to other areas where high-fidelity geolocated OpenDSS datasets are available. After describing the components and usage of the testbed, we exemplify applications enabled by the testbed via two scenarios modeling the extreme stresses encountered during evacuations. Date 2024 Short Title GreenEVT Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10387235 Accessed 1/17/2024, 6:31:16 PM Extra Conference Name: IEEE Systems Journal Pages 1-12 Publication IEEE Systems Journal DOI 10.1109/JSYST.2023.3343692 ISSN 1937-9234 Date Added 1/17/2024, 6:31:16 PM Modified 1/17/2024, 6:31:16 PM Attachments
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Evolutionary Game Dynamics between Distributed Energy Resources and Microgrid Operator: Balancing Act for Power Factor Improvement
Item Type Journal Article Author Mukesh Gautam Abstract This article investigates the intricate dynamics between Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and the Microgrid Operator (MGO) within a microgrid interconnected with the main grid. Employing an evolutionary game framework, the study scrutinizes the strategic evolution of DERs’ decision-making processes in their interactions with the MGO. Modeled as an evolutionary game, these interactions encapsulate the strategies adopted by DERs, resulting in stable equilibrium strategies over time. Motivated by direct benefits linked to increased active power production, DERs strive to sell all available power, while the MGO focuses on optimizing the microgrid’s overall performance. The study assesses the microgrid’s performance in terms of its power factor, emphasizing the strategic balance DERs must achieve in their active power generation to avoid penalization. This penalization results in decreased individual utility for DERs due to the overall power factor decrease resulting from their prioritization of active power generation. Additionally, the diminished overall power factor implies a decrease in MGO utility. The individual utility of each DER is further influenced by the strategies adopted by other DERs, impacting the penalization factor. Leveraging a modified IEEE 13-node distribution microgrid consisting of three DERs, the study presents case studies encompassing both cooperative and non-cooperative evolutionary game scenarios. These case studies illuminate the intricacies of interactions and the resulting equilibrium outcomes. Date 2024/1 Language en Short Title Evolutionary Game Dynamics between Distributed Energy Resources and Microgrid Operator Library Catalog www.mdpi.com URL https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/2/248 Accessed 1/9/2024, 9:31:17 AM Rights http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Extra Number: 2 Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Volume 13 Pages 248 Publication Electronics DOI 10.3390/electronics13020248 Issue 2 ISSN 2079-9292 Date Added 1/9/2024, 9:31:17 AM Modified 1/9/2024, 9:31:17 AM Tags:
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Monte Carlo-Based Approach for Obtaining the Marginal Costs of Grid Reinforcement for the Accommodation of Rooftop PVs
Item Type Conference Paper Author R. Bonadia Author L. Hernandes Author F. C. L. Trindade Author W. Freitas Author V. C. Cunha Author T. R. Ricciardi Author B. D. Bonatto Author H. de O. Vilibor Author V. Riboldi Abstract Worldwide, the installed capacity of rooftop photovoltaic systems (PVs) has been increasing rapidly, faster than the traditional load increase rate. Differently from the loads, the simultaneity factor of rooftop PV generation is roughly 1.0, resulting in higher violations of technical and regulatory limits. One of the most widely adopted solutions to accommodate rooftop PVs is to perform grid reinforcements, such as reconductoring and circuit sectionalization. In several countries, the investments in grid reinforcement are transferred to the customers as energy tariff, impacting the economy. Because of that, the Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency (ANEEL) is dedicating efforts to estimating the benefits and costs of integrating distributed generators into the power systems. In this context, this paper presents a Monte Carlo-based methodology that obtains the marginal costs of grid reinforcement for a Brazilian distribution utility, i.e., how much the installation of 1 kWp of rooftop PV costs. It is shown that the order the PVs are installed strongly affects the marginal cost and that a small part of the circuits is responsible for most reinforcement costs. Utilities and regulatory agencies can adopt this method to perform similar estimations. Date 2023-11 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10328210 Accessed 1/9/2024, 9:29:50 AM Extra ISSN: 2643-8798 Pages 160-164 Proceedings Title 2023 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Latin America (ISGT-LA) Conference Name 2023 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Latin America (ISGT-LA) DOI 10.1109/ISGT-LA56058.2023.10328210 Date Added 1/9/2024, 9:29:50 AM Modified 1/9/2024, 9:29:50 AM Attachments
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Power Smoothing in Condominium Microgrids ConGRID case study
Item Type Conference Paper Author Luiza H. S. Santos Author Jéssica A. A. da Silva Author Rafael K. Carneiro Author Guilherme S. Chagas Author Marcos J. Rider Author Luiz C. P. da Silva Abstract This paper discusses power smoothing in a Condominium Microgrid (ConGRID). The study considers using a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) for power smoothing and its impact on distributed load and distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation. The microgrid under study, ConGRID, is located in a condominium in Barão Geraldo, Campinas, Brazil, and consists of real consumers with PV generation installed on their houses and a BESS connected at the point of common coupling. The paper provides a methodology for simulating power smoothing at ConGRID using OpenDSS, an electric grid simulator, using Simple Moving Average (SMA). The simulations were carried out using Python programming language with the support of the Google Colab environment. Results show that using the BESS for smoothing the distributed PV generation using an aggregated profile increases the power and voltage oscillations in the point of common coupling. However, when the smoothing algorithm uses the power at the distribution transformer as the reference, the strategy benefits the power system, reducing power and voltage oscillations between ConGRID and the main grid. Date 2023-10 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10322586 Accessed 1/9/2024, 9:27:48 AM Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2023 15th Seminar on Power Electronics and Control (SEPOC) Conference Name 2023 15th Seminar on Power Electronics and Control (SEPOC) DOI 10.1109/SEPOC58810.2023.10322586 Date Added 1/9/2024, 9:27:48 AM Modified 1/9/2024, 9:27:48 AM Attachments
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Transmission System Usage Amount Planning by Brazilian Distribution Utilities
Item Type Conference Paper Author Bárbara R. Rosado Author Marcos J. Rider Author Walmir Freitas Author Bala Venkatesh Abstract The increase of distributed generators and energy storage devices in modern distribution systems impacts the demand provided by the distribution utility and, hence, the techniques employed to determine the Transmission System Usage Amount at the border with the transmission system. If the contracted demand is violated, the utility must pay inefficiency charges. The complexity of this new reality is the stochastic characteristics associated with the new devices installed at medium and low voltage levels. In this context, this work proposes a methodology composed of a linear programming model to determine the demand to be contracted by the distribution utility. This work incorporates the problem uncertainties by integrating historical data and demand forecasting from the distribution utility and the Brazilian Energy Research Company. The developed methodology obtained a 1.5% error compared to the contracted demand which would lead to the minimum annual demand cost when applied to a Brazilian system. Date 2023-11 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10328221 Accessed 1/9/2024, 9:26:51 AM Extra ISSN: 2643-8798 Pages 75-79 Proceedings Title 2023 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Latin America (ISGT-LA) Conference Name 2023 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Latin America (ISGT-LA) DOI 10.1109/ISGT-LA56058.2023.10328221 Date Added 1/9/2024, 9:26:51 AM Modified 1/9/2024, 9:26:51 AM Attachments
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Operação Ótima de uma Microrrede em um Campus Universitário
Item Type Journal Article Author Jessica Alice A Silva Author Luiza Higino S Santos Author Rodolfo Quadros Author Juan Camilo Lopez Author Marcos J Rider Abstract The paper proposes a methodology that combines the OpenDSS simulator with a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model to determine the optimal microgrid operation at a University Campus. The microgrid is a distributed energy system integrating generation sources, energy storage, and loads. The proposed model considers the control of the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and demands balancing as variables. The objective of the MILP is to optimize the microgrid operation by minimizing operational costs, maximizing the utilization of renewable energy, and ensuring the quality of energy supply. The proposed model is applied using data from the CampusGRID microgrid being implemented at UNICAMP in Campinas - SP, Brazil. The results demonstrate its effectiveness in achieving optimal microgrid operation, contributing to decision-making and efficient planning of distributed energy systems. Resumo: O artigo prop˜oe uma metodologia que combina o simulador OpenDSS com um modelo de Programa¸c˜ao Linear Inteira Mista (PLIM) para determinar a opera¸c˜ao ideal de uma microrrede em um Campus Universit´ario. A microrrede ´e um sistema de energia distribu´ıda que integra fontes de gera¸c˜ao, armazenamento e carga. O modelo proposto considera como vari´aveis o controle do sistema de armazenamento de energia (BESS - Battery Energy Storage System) e o balanceamento da demanda. O objetivo do PLIM ´e otimizar a opera¸c˜ao da microrrede, minimizando os custos operacionais, maximizando a utilizac¸˜ao de energia renov´avel e garantindo a qualidade do fornecimento de energia. O modelo proposto ´e aplicado considerando dados da microrrede CampusGRID que est´a sendo implantada na UNICAMP, em Campinas - SP. Os resultados demonstram sua efic´acia na obtenc¸˜ao de uma opera¸c˜ao ´otima da microrrede, contribuindo para a tomada de decis˜oes e o planejamento eficiente de sistemas de energia distribu´ıda. Language pt Library Catalog Zotero Date Added 12/1/2023, 7:28:27 PM Modified 12/1/2023, 7:28:44 PM Tags:
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Estudo dos Custos Gerados às Concessionárias com RDBTs sob Operação Conjunta de PV e VE Sujeitos ao Controle Volt-VAr
Item Type Conference Paper Author Raphael Nunes Author Luiz Sales Author Renan Landau Abstract Currently, researchers and engineers have been dedicated to the development of more efficient and cost-effective implementation strategies to minimize the technical impacts caused by the connection of Electric Vehicle (EV) and Photovoltaic Distributed Generation (DGPV) in a Low-Voltage Distribution Network (LVDN). Although the embedded controls in DGPV inverters and EV chargers stand out for the aforementioned requirements, the costs incurred by national utilities are not evident during the joint operation of DGPV and EV under Volt-VAr control. This article presents an evaluation of the costs to utilities due to technical losses and compensations paid to consumers given the violation of voltage limits in steady-state conditions for LVDNs subjected to the joint connection of DGPV and EV with Volt-Var control. In this study, the networks are defined, along with the curves of EV chargers and PVDG, and residences with the joint connection of DGPV and EV. The simulations are based on a gradual increase in the combined penetration level in steps of 20%. The results obtained for two real networks demonstrate the high costs of compensation compared to technical losses and the effectiveness of local Volt-Var control in reducing overall operational costs for the utility. Date 2023-11-22 Library Catalog ResearchGate Date Added 12/1/2023, 7:25:54 PM Modified 12/1/2023, 7:25:54 PM Attachments
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Coordenação da proteção para topologias de redes de distribuição radiais usando a otimização por enxame de partículas evolucionária diferencial
Item Type Thesis Author Paul Cristian Arroyo Quispe Abstract A reconfiguração da rede ótima visa aumentar a disponibilidade da rede e otimizar o seu funcionamento, melhorando os perfis de tensão e reduzindo as perdas de potência. Porém, isso pode prejudicar o desempenho do sistema de proteção, e por isso, deve-se adaptar às alterações causadas pela reconfiguração. Desta forma, o presente trabalho propõe uma metodologia de proteção adaptativa para determinar os grupos de ajustes dos relés de sobrecorrente para cada topologia e com a possibilidade de modificar seus ajustes de acordo com as variações da rede durante a operação da rede. Para isso, as topologias radiais são obtidas através da operação de abertura e fechamento de chaves. Essas topologias pertencerão a um grupo, e cada um desses terá um conjunto de ajustes calculados utilizando apenas uma topologia de referência. Os valores do Time Multiplier Setting (TMS) e da Pickup Current (PC) dos relés de sobrecorrente são calculados usando o algoritmo de Otimização pelo Enxame de Partículas Evolucionária Diferencial (do inglês DEPSO) modificado neste trabalho. Como resultado, é possível reduzir o número de ajustes necessários para manter a seletividade e a coordenação do sistema de proteção. Além disso, essas configurações são aplicadas durante a operação do sistema de acordo com as alterações na corrente de operação e nos pares de relés primário e de backup. Os Sistemas de Distribuição IEEE de 34 e 123 barras e o Sistema de Teste PNNL de 329 barras adicionando Geração Distribuída (GD) foram utilizados para avaliar os resultados utilizando o software Open Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS). Date 2023-10-02 Language pt-br Library Catalog www.teses.usp.br URL https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18154/tde-21112023-113501/ Accessed 12/1/2023, 7:20:01 PM Extra DOI: 10.11606/D.18.2023.tde-21112023-113501 Type text University Universidade de São Paulo Date Added 12/1/2023, 7:20:01 PM Modified 12/1/2023, 7:20:01 PM Attachments
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Hardware-in-the-Loop Evaluation of Grid-Edge DER Chip Integration Into Next-Generation Smart Meters: Preprint
Item Type Preprint Author Joshua Comden Author Jing Wang Author Subhankar Ganguly Author Steven Forsyth Author Reynaldo Gomez Author Andrey Bernstein Abstract To facilitate the implementation of distributed energy resource management systems (DERMS), we propose to insert a grid-edge distributed energy resource (DER) chip hosting a DERMS algorithm into the next generation of smart meters. This will create a pathway for the wide adoption of DERMS technology because many utilities plan to invest in advanced metering infrastructure in the near future. This will also bridge the gap between an electrical power utility and DERs behind the meter. The DER chip is designed to follow power direction signals from the DERMS coordinator while balancing its local objectives. We tested the chip using a controller- and power-hardware-in-the-loop evaluation under three scenarios that a DERMS could face in the real world. The DER chip was capable of and effective at directing four heterogeneous DERs to respond to a DERMS coordinator for grid services (e.g., voltage regulation and a virtual power plant). Date 2023 Language en Library Catalog Zotero Date Added 11/21/2023, 10:07:08 AM Modified 11/21/2023, 10:09:05 AM Tags:
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Optimal scheduling of a microgrid with power quality constraints based on demand side management under grid-connected and islanding operations
Item Type Journal Article Author Firmansyah Nur Budiman Author Makbul A. M. Ramli Author Houssem R. E. H. Bouchekara Author Ahmad H. Milyani Abstract Power quality (PQ) issues are direct consequences of integrating power electronics components and non-linear loads into microgrids. These issues can also be triggered by an unbalanced loading in the microgrid. Certainly, they affect the daily operation scheduling of the microgrid. This paper proposes an optimal harmonic power flow (OHPF) framework for the daily optimal scheduling of a grid-connected microgrid, which is constructed by combining the optimization formulation and harmonic power flow (HPF). Within the framework, PQ is evaluated by observing three indices including voltage magnitude, voltage total harmonic distortion (THDV), and voltage unbalance factor (VUF). A non-iterative mitigation scheme based on demand side management (DSM) is proposed to avoid PQ indices violations and is integrated into the optimization formulation part of the OHPF as a set of load constraints. The proposed constraints allow a flexible combination of different DSM actions including load shedding and interphase load transfer (ILT). Furthermore, the constraints to limit voltage magnitude, voltage THD, and VUF are integrated into the formulation in the form of penalty functions. The software implementation of the proposed OHPF involves Julia-based JuMP.jl and Gurobi solver for optimization part and OpenDSS for harmonic load flow part. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is tested using a modified IEEE 37-bus feeder for different load fluctuations, which allow different combinations of PQ indices violations. The assessment involves both normal and intentional islanding conditions. The results demonstrate that, under different random events, the proposed framework can avoid the violation of PQ indices limits in most cases without adding an excessive computational burden to the original optimization and harmonic load flow algorithms. Date 2024-01-01 Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014206152300707X Accessed 11/14/2023, 12:36:23 PM Volume 155 Pages 109650 Publication International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems DOI 10.1016/j.ijepes.2023.109650 Journal Abbr International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems ISSN 0142-0615 Date Added 11/14/2023, 12:36:23 PM Modified 11/14/2023, 12:36:23 PM Tags:
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Decentralised Calculation of Dynamic Operating Envelopes for Distributed Energy Resourse Management in Distribution Grid
Item Type Conference Paper Author Alireza Barzegar Author Nariman Mahdavi Mazdeh Author Julio Braslavsky Abstract The rapid expansion of consumer distributed energy resources (DERs) such as solar photovoltaic generation in low-voltage distribution grids in Australia presents new challenges to network operation, such as voltage imbalances and over-voltage issues. To manage large numbers of DERs Distributed Network Service Providers (DNSPs) are adopting dynamic operating envelopes (DOEs), which specify a time-varying permissible capacity range for DER operation within the network operational constraints. However, the computation of these DOEs is complex and existing algorithms for calculating DOEs require high levels of network visibility that can be expensive to acquire at the large-scales of typical distribution grids. To overcome these difficulties, this paper investigates in comparative numerical simulation studies a power flow based decentralised algorithm that adapts the additive increase multiplicative decrease (AIMD) congestion control algorithm used in transmission control protocols to calculate DOEs distinctly for each partition of the network. The proposed algorithm presents several appealing features, including guaranteed voltage violation avoidance, fast calculation of localised DOEs, practical scalability for large networks, and increased total power export to the network. Date 2023-09-07 URL https://publications.csiro.au/publications/publication/PIcsiro:EP2023-2691/RI6/RT50 Accessed 10/19/2023, 6:41:46 AM Place Cairns, Australia Conference Name 2023 CIGRE Symposium Date Added 10/19/2023, 6:41:46 AM Modified 10/19/2023, 6:47:28 AM Attachments
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Online Model-Free Chance-Constrained Distribution System Voltage Control using DERs
Item Type Conference Paper Author Haoyi Wang Author Yiyun Yao Author Junbo Zhao Author Fei Ding Abstract This paper proposes an online data-driven distributed energy resource management system (DERMS) optimization method using chance-constrained formulation to address distribution system voltage regulation. This is achieved via the local sensitivity factor (LSF)-enabled reformulation of the DER control into a linear programming (LP) problem, which is easy and computationally efficient to solve. The LSF is estimated using online measurements and does not need the assumption of node load information. The latter is usually required for existing optimization-based methods but is difficult to obtain in practice. To mitigate measurement uncertainties, a scenario-based chance-constrained formulation is constructed. Compared with other control methods, the results carried out in a realistic distribution system show that the proposed method can effectively eliminate voltage violation issues. Date 2023-07 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10253184?casa_token=XSIhOr93nSQAAAAA:6PEJDYP2xOJxjBt9OkP6eo00XDM4UPxwLgAzbWyj_bSs2ojfzjruuIouFwaiSu7u56g_haOXHZg Accessed 10/16/2023, 6:44:40 AM Extra ISSN: 1944-9933 Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2023 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) Conference Name 2023 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) DOI 10.1109/PESGM52003.2023.10253184 Date Added 10/16/2023, 6:44:40 AM Modified 10/16/2023, 6:44:40 AM Attachments
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Modelagem e simulação das microrredes piloto do projeto MERGE-UNICAMP
Item Type Thesis Author Luiza Higino Silva Santos Date 2022 Language pt-BR Library Catalog repositorio.unicamp.br URL https://repositorio.unicamp.br/acervo/detalhe/1244525 Accessed 10/2/2023, 2:56:16 PM University [s.n.] Date Added 10/2/2023, 2:56:16 PM Modified 10/2/2023, 2:56:40 PM Attachments
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A Cloud-based Framework for Smart Grid Data, Communication and Co-simulation
Item Type Thesis Author Gabriel Adeyemo Language en Library Catalog Zotero Date Added 10/1/2023, 5:00:14 PM Modified 10/1/2023, 5:00:25 PM Tags:
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Desenvolvimento de um Sistema de Planejamento Integrado (SIPLA): Software Livre para Aplicação na Área de Sistemas Elétricos de Potência
Item Type Journal Article Author Sandy Aquino dos Santos Abstract Um dos meios para compreensão dos fenômenos que envolvem o funcionamento de um Sistema Elétrico de Potência é simular situações em ambientes computacionais que re- produzam os comportamentos reais dos elementos que o compõe. Contudo, maioria dos softwares para estudos no sistema elétrico de potência são produtos comerciais obtidos por meio de licenças com um alto custo de aquisição. Desta forma, os softwares livres surgem como uma alternativa, pois em sua filosofia promovem as liberdades de ser utili- zado, estudado, modificado e disponibilizado, tornando-se assim de suma importância na universidade e nas empresas do setor de energia. Este trabalho realizou uma vasta revisão de literatura e fundamentação teórica sobre desenvolvimento de software livre, buscando reunir conceitos dessa filosofia aos já tradicionais métodos de desenvolvimento e partir disso, foi desenvolvido um software livre voltado para estudos de sistemas elétricos de potência em Python, utilizando o Framework PyQt5, usando a metodologia orientada a objetos, fazendo do software uma plataforma funcional e promissora para futuros desen- volvimentos. Language pt Library Catalog Zotero Date Added 10/1/2023, 4:52:49 PM Modified 10/1/2023, 4:54:27 PM Tags:
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Análise de Estações de Recarga Rápida de Veículos Elétricos como Compensadores Dinâmicos de Reativos
Item Type Journal Article Author Bruno P. Cancian Author José C. G. Andrade Author Walmir Freitas Abstract Due to the increasing number of electric vehicles (EVs) and the need for faster charging, EVs fast charging stations (FCSs) has been spreading throughout the electric grid and can cause technical impacts in the electric distribution system due to the power withdraw of up to 350 kW. With that in mind, this paper assesses the FCSs capacity to regulate voltage through local dynamic reactive power compensation. The impacts caused by the operation of FCSs as dynamic reactive power compensators (DRPCs) are studied in a real electric distribution grid with time-series power flow (OpenDSS) together with Python routines. Additionally, the Monte Carlo method is used to model the FCSs load curve and its locations stochastically. At the end of this work, it was found that the operation of FCSs as DRPCs can improve voltage profiles and the power factor at the substation, while reduce technical energy losses. Date 2022-11-30 Language en Library Catalog www.sba.org.br URL https://www.sba.org.br/open_journal_systems/index.php/sbse/article/view/2907 Accessed 10/1/2023, 4:50:48 PM Rights Copyright (c) 2022 Anais do Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Elétricos - SBSE2022 Extra Number: 1 Volume 2 Publication Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Elétricos - SBSE DOI 10.20906/sbse.v2i1.2907 Issue 1 ISSN 2177-6164 Date Added 10/1/2023, 4:50:48 PM Modified 10/1/2023, 4:50:48 PM Tags:
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Interface para cálculo de perdas técnicas com OpenDSS
Item Type Journal Article Author Geison Bittencourt Quadros Language pt Library Catalog Zotero Date Added 10/1/2023, 4:42:49 PM Modified 10/1/2023, 4:42:50 PM Tags:
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A dynamic bandwidth tariff assessment in a Dutch distribution network using a novel scalable distributed simulation framework
Item Type Conference Paper Author B. van der Holst Author G. Verhoeven Author E. Matthijssen Author M. Vrijlandt Author R. Plug Author A. van der Meer Author K. Kok Abstract Due to the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources, congestion problems are already emerging in Dutch distribution grids. The available flexibility of assets in the built environment could have the potential to reduce congestion if prosumers are properly incentivized by distribution grid operators (DSOs). However, it is not yet clear what (combinations of) flexibility a ctivation mechanisms will be effective for congestion management in Dutch Distribution grids. To shed light on this issue, the GO-e consortium aims at performing large-scale agent-based simulations of up to 120 low-voltage networks and a large variety of possible instruments and scenarios. For this reason, we developed a novel scalable time-discrete simulation framework for distributed agent-based simulations of energy systems. We demonstrate the framework on a case-study in which we assess the effectiveness of a dynamic bandwidth tariff instrument on overloading problems in a low-voltage network containing solar panels, batteries, and heat pumps. It was shown that a dynamic bandwidth tariff can successfully resolve forecasted congestion if the associated costs are high enough compared to the day-ahead prices. However, the resulting load shifting can cause new congestion intra-day aswell. Date 2023-06 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10267238 Accessed 9/30/2023, 7:12:59 AM Volume 2023 Pages 3779-3783 Proceedings Title 27th International Conference on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2023) Conference Name 27th International Conference on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2023) DOI 10.1049/icp.2023.0722 Date Added 9/30/2023, 7:12:59 AM Modified 9/30/2023, 7:12:59 AM Attachments
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A platform for real-time monitoring and detection of conductor integrity related health hazards in distribution networks
Item Type Conference Paper Author G. Freire Author J. Faria Author J. Campos Author P. Marsh Abstract With the growth of distribution systems and the stress it entails on network components, there has recently been an increasing concern with their integrity. In particular, Distribution System Operators (DSOs) show special concern regarding faults that could potentially prove hazardous towards citizens. In particular, High Voltage (HV) Line Down faults occur when an overhead line on the HV network falls to the ground, losing supply from the HV side but remaining live from the Low Voltage (LV) side. These faults are extremely hazardous and life-threatening to both people and wildlife. Moreover, this kind of event destabilises the voltages on the LV side, which fall to levels far below their rating and that may be too low to ensure quality of supply to customers. This paper presents the Eneida DeepGrid® HV Line Down fault detection method and its performance under various scenarios. Results show that this method is able to correctly detect and pinpoint faults, as well as identify the faulty phase. Date 2023-06 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10267209 Accessed 9/30/2023, 7:08:56 AM Volume 2023 Pages 2867-2871 Proceedings Title 27th International Conference on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2023) Conference Name 27th International Conference on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2023) DOI 10.1049/icp.2023.1019 Date Added 9/30/2023, 7:08:56 AM Modified 9/30/2023, 7:08:56 AM Attachments
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Model-Free Probabilistic Forecasting of Nodal Voltages in Distribution Systems
Item Type Conference Paper Author Marija Marković Author Bri-Mathias Hodge Abstract As the penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) into distribution systems increases, so does the interest in forecasting relevant system variables to help mitigate the associated challenges. One such challenge is the more frequent occurrence of excessive voltages in distribution systems with higher shares of DERs. Accurate and reliable estimates together with forecasts of system states (i.e., nodal voltages) will therefore play a key role in improving the utilization of these variable and uncertain sources while mitigating potential operational risks. Whilst recent literature has explored machine learning (ML) methods for voltage estimation and their extrapolation for a short-time period into the future, few have taken uncertainty quantification into account, and these methods have not yet been translated into operations. This paper discusses the advantages offered by probabilistic voltage forecasts and proposes a non-parametric Bayesian method suitable for forecasting nodal voltages at short-term time horizons while accounting for uncertainties in load and distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation. We demonstrate the value of the proposed Gaussian process (GP) model for a case study using historical forecasts and observation data. Date 2023-07 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10252797/footnotes#footnotes Accessed 9/30/2023, 7:08:31 AM Extra ISSN: 1944-9933 Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2023 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) Conference Name 2023 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) DOI 10.1109/PESGM52003.2023.10252797 Date Added 9/30/2023, 7:08:31 AM Modified 9/30/2023, 7:08:31 AM Attachments
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Impacto de la generación distribuida en una ciudad de gran tamaño: Aumento del hosting capacity a través de refuerzo de red y redes inteligentes
Item Type Journal Article Author Bárbara Sofía Rocco Maldonado Abstract Repositorio académico de la Universidad de Chile. Tesis, artículos y libros publicados en formato digital con distintos niveles de acceso Date 2023 Language es Short Title Impacto de la generación distribuida en una ciudad de gran tamaño Library Catalog repositorio.uchile.cl URL https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/195003 Accessed 9/26/2023, 6:10:31 PM Rights Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States Extra Accepted: 2023-07-27T21:11:51Z Publisher: Universidad de Chile Date Added 9/26/2023, 6:10:31 PM Modified 9/26/2023, 6:10:32 PM Tags:
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On the Potential of ChatGPT to Generate Distribution Systems for Load Flow Studies Using OpenDSS
Item Type Journal Article Author Rodrigo S. Bonadia Author Fernanda C. L. Trindade Author Walmir Freitas Author Bala Venkatesh Abstract In recent years, the Large Language Models have developed at an unprecedented pace with the potential to transform various fields, including power system analysis. This letter illustrates the current status and potential use of ChatGPT, (ready-to-use) pretrained chatbot, to create test distribution systems modeled as DSS files for load flow studies using OpenDSS, focusing on educational purposes. A performance comparison of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 large language models (with the ChatGPT frontend) has been conducted. More specifically, the ability of ChatGPT to generate simple test circuits to run in OpenDSS is verified, including elements such as lines, loads, transformers, and photovoltaic generators. The ability of ChatGPT to identify and solve simple engineering problems applied to the generated circuits is also briefly discussed. The results demonstrate that GPT-4 has the potential to support educational activities by creating functional circuits and propose solutions for engineering problems if adequate guidance and examples are provided. Date 2023 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore URL https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10251972?casa_token=ieJ5MxdRfvEAAAAA:CXokZHTXTGl-nvcl5pPGwFNMDqRqG12DRPvZ1sUy4pHMxt9-9Cekvpgz3bg0RnKaXNkttghMyghU Accessed 9/26/2023, 6:06:44 PM Extra Conference Name: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems Pages 1-4 Publication IEEE Transactions on Power Systems DOI 10.1109/TPWRS.2023.3315543 ISSN 1558-0679 Date Added 9/26/2023, 6:06:44 PM Modified 9/26/2023, 6:06:44 PM Attachments
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Real-Time Outage Management in Active Distribution Networks Using Reinforcement Learning over Graphs
Item Type Report Author Jie Zhang Author Roshni Jacob Author Steve Paul Author Souma Chowdhury Author Yulia Gel Abstract Abstract Self-healing "smart grids" are characterized by fast-acting, intelligent control mechanisms that minimize power disruptions during outages. The corrective actions adopted during outages in power distribution networks include reconfiguration through switching control and emergency load shedding. The conventional decision-making models for outage mitigation are, however, not suitable for "smart grids" due to their slow response and computational inefficiency. Here, we present a new reinforcement learning (RL) model for outage management in the distribution network to enhance its resilience. The distinctive characteristic of our approach is that it explicitly accounts for the underlying network topology and its variations with switching control, while also capturing the complex interdependencies between state variables (along nodes and edges) by modeling the task as a graph learning problem. Our model learns the optimal control policy for power restoration using a Capsule-based graph neural network. We validate our model on two test networks, namely the 13 and 34-bus modified IEEE networks where it is shown to achieve near-optimal, real-time performance with up to 5 orders of magnitude improvement in computational speed. The resilience improvement of our model in terms of loss of energy is 4.204 MWs and 13.522 MWs for 13 and 34 buses, respectively. Our model also demonstrates generalizability across a broad range of outage scenarios. Date 2023-09-06 Language en Library Catalog DOI.org (Crossref) URL https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-3276125/v1 Accessed 9/11/2023, 11:00:19 PM Extra DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3276125/v1 Report Type preprint Institution In Review Date Added 9/11/2023, 11:00:19 PM Modified 9/11/2023, 11:00:19 PM Attachments
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Near real-time analysis of active distribution networks in a Digital Twin framework: A real case study
Item Type Journal Article Author T. Bragatto Author M. A. Bucarelli Author F. Carere Author M. Cresta Author F. M. Gatta Author A. Geri Author M. Maccioni Author M. Paulucci Author P. Poursoltan Author F. Santori Abstract The growth of distributed generation and the need of increasing Distribution Network (DN) resilience is encouraging Distribution System Operators (DSO) to increase awareness about the real-time status of the network as well as to actively manage flexible energy resources for improving system performances. In this context, Digital Twin (DT) is an enabling technology for a low-cost distributed framework that supports DN management. DT in the power system can be exploited taking advantage of the successful experiences in other sectors (e.g., smart manufacturing and building automation). This article presents a real case study of a DT development and its integration with an existing DN. The DT system architecture is based on the recent standards whilst main DT components have been originally developed, enabling near real-time services such as data collection, state estimation, and flexibility calculator. The individual performances of the integrated tools and the reliability of DT were tested and validated during one month of continuous operation. During the operation, good service continuity and accuracy performances were reported. Results from the flexibility calculator show the effectiveness of the proposed strategies that can improve the energy efficiency of the DN by increasing local self-consumption of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) production. Date 2023-09-01 Short Title Near real-time analysis of active distribution networks in a Digital Twin framework Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352467723001364 Accessed 9/4/2023, 12:45:50 PM Volume 35 Pages 101128 Publication Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks DOI 10.1016/j.segan.2023.101128 Journal Abbr Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks ISSN 2352-4677 Date Added 9/4/2023, 12:45:50 PM Modified 9/4/2023, 12:45:50 PM Tags:
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Metodologia de balanço de energia elétrica para detectar perdas não técnicas em sistemas de distribuição
Item Type Journal Article Author Eduarda Coelho Becker Abstract The present work was produced concurrently with the extension project entitled "System for Detecting Non-Technical Losses in Irrigation Areas Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques" and aims to determine non-technical losses of electrical energy in distribution systems using the energy balance methodology. Energy losses are quantified by type, which can be technical or non-technical (commercial) losses, and both together represent the overall losses of the system. Overall losses can be calculated based on the difference between the energy supplied by the utility company and the energy demanded by consumer units (UCs). Technical losses are inherent in the processes of generation, transmission, and energy conversion throughout the system, with Joule's Effect being one of the most well-known examples. On the other hand, non-technical losses refer to energy that was consumed but not billed by the supplying company. Therefore, to estimate the value of non-technical losses in the distribution system, based on the energy balance, real consumption and supply data, as well as information on the electrical networks provided by the CPFL Energia Group, were used. The Python language was used to automate a tool capable of performing the energy balance using the input data provided by the utility company. The employed methodology provides as output data the overall, technical, and non-technical losses of the analyzed distribution systems and identifies feeders with possible irregular consumer units. Once regions or feeders prone to non-conformities are identified, it facilitates the energy company in taking actions to minimize non-technical losses in the distribution electrical networks. Date 2023-06-02 Language por Library Catalog repositorio.ufsm.br URL http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/29930 Accessed 9/2/2023, 10:32:37 PM Rights Acesso Aberto Extra Accepted: 2023-08-15T16:27:01Z Publisher: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Journal Abbr lectric energy balance methodology to detect nontechnical losses in distribution systems Date Added 9/2/2023, 10:32:37 PM Modified 9/2/2023, 10:32:38 PM Tags:
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Two-Stage Deep Reinforcement Learning for Distribution System Voltage Regulation and Peak Load Management: Preprint
Item Type Journal Article Author Yansong Pei Author Yiyun Yao Author Junbo Zhao Author Fei Ding Author Jiyu Wang Abstract The growing integration of distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) in distribution systems could result in adverse effects during grid operation. This paper develops a two-agent soft actor critic-based deep reinforcement learning (SAC-DRL) solution to simultaneously control PV inverters and battery energy storage systems for voltage regulation and peak demand reduction. The novel two-stage framework, featured with two different control agents, is applied for daytime and nighttime operations to enhance control performance. Comparison results with other control methods on a real feeder in Western Colorado demonstrate that the proposed method can provide advanced voltage regulation with modest active power curtailment and reduce peak load demand from feeder’s head. Date 2023 Language en Library Catalog Zotero Publication Renewable Energy Date Added 8/13/2023, 6:45:56 PM Modified 8/13/2023, 6:45:57 PM Tags:
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Reinforcement Learning Environment for Cyber-Resilient Power Distribution System
Item Type Journal Article Author Abhijeet Sahu Author Venkatesh Venkatraman Author Richard Macwan Abstract Recently, numerous data-driven approaches to control an electric grid using machine learning techniques have been investigated. Reinforcement learning (RL)-based techniques provide a credible alternative to conventional, optimization-based solvers especially when there is uncertainty in the environment, such as renewable generation or cyber system performance. Efficiently training an agent, however, requires numerous interactions with an environment to learn the best policies. There are numerous RL environments for power systems, and, similarly, there are environments for communication systems. Most cyber system simulators are based in a UNIX environment, while the power system simulators are based in the Windows operating system. Hence the generation of a cyber-physical, mixed-domain RL environment has been challenging. Existing co-simulation methods are efficient, but are resource and time intensive to generate large-scale data sets for training RL agents. Hence, this work focuses on the development and validation of a mixed-domain RL environment using OpenDSS for the power system and leveraging a discrete event simulator Python package, SimPy for the cyber system, which is operating system agnostic. Further, we present the results of co-simulation and training RL agents for a cyber-physical network reconfiguration and Volt-Var control problem in a power distribution feeder. Date 2023 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Access Pages 1-1 Publication IEEE Access DOI 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3282182 ISSN 2169-3536 Date Added 6/6/2023, 2:04:25 PM Modified 6/6/2023, 2:04:25 PM Tags:
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Ferramenta computacional de análise integrada para alocação de estações de recarga públicas para veículos elétricos
Item Type Conference Paper Author José CG Andrade Author Anderson D Parreira Author Bruno C Souza Author Bruno P Cancian Author Caio Santos Author Walmir Freitas Author Guilherme F Rissi Language pt-BR URL https://www.sba.org.br/cba2022/wp-content/uploads/artigos_cba2022/paper_6826.pdf Extra Citation Key: andradeferramenta Date Added 6/4/2023, 1:43:42 AM Modified 6/4/2023, 1:44:55 AM Tags:
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Investigação de metodologias para localização de perdas não-técnicas em sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica utilizando dados de medidores inteligentes
Item Type Thesis Author Tailan Romahn Garcia Date 2022 Language pt-BR Library Catalog repositorio.unicamp.br URL https://repositorio.unicamp.br/acervo/detalhe/1250264 Accessed 6/4/2023, 1:29:38 AM University University of Campinas (Unicamp) Date Added 6/4/2023, 1:29:38 AM Modified 6/4/2023, 1:31:20 AM Attachments
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Hosting high PV penetration on distribution feeders with smart inverters providing local var compensation
Item Type Journal Article Author Pedro A.V. Pato Author Fernanda C.L. Trindade Author Xiaoyu Wang Abstract The massive and widespread rooftop photovoltaic penetration poses new challenges to Distribution System Operators who may need to deal with over and undervoltage problems in the same feeder. To tackle this issue, this work proposes to use the smart inverters from photovoltaic systems to compensate, in real-time, the exact amount of reactive power demanded by the customers to which they are connected. The proposed strategy does not require expensive and complex communication infrastructure, active power curtailment, or inverters over sizing. With a simple infrastructure, it decreases energy losses and the need for capacitor banks. Time-series power-flow simulations are performed in a real distribution system. The results indicate that the proposed strategy of var compensation mitigates more energy losses and voltage transgression than for the cases in which the smart inverters operate with unity power factor, Volt-Watt, or Volt-var control rules. Date 04/2023 Language en Library Catalog DOI.org (Crossref) URL https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378779623000573 Accessed 6/1/2023, 12:05:05 AM DOI 10.1016/j.epsr.2023.109168 Date Added 6/1/2023, 12:05:05 AM Modified 11/21/2023, 10:08:58 AM Attachments
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Comparação de métodos de armazenamento de matrizes esparsas para contribuição à simulação em tempo real de redes elétricas
Item Type Web Page Author Raphael Dantas Pinho Abstract Repositório da UFPB Date 2022-11-24 Language por URL https://repositorio.ufpb.br Accessed 5/29/2023, 4:53:25 PM Rights Acesso aberto Extra Accepted: 2023-04-26T17:05:12Z Publisher: Universidade Federal da Paraíba Website Type Dissertação Date Added 5/29/2023, 4:53:25 PM Modified 5/29/2023, 4:53:25 PM Attachments
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Cyber-Physical Co-simulation Framework Between Typhon HIL and OpenDSS for Real-Time Applications
Item Type Book Section Author Raju Wagle Author Pawan Sharma Author Mohammad Amin Author Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt Editor Saurabh Mani Tripathi Editor Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt Abstract Cyber infrastructures have been extensively used for power system monitoring, control, and operation because of the development of new information and communications technology (ICT) in power systems. Deployment of cyber-physical co-simulation in the case of a realistic distribution network is still a big challenge. Hence, to solve the problem of modelling complex distribution networks, a cyber-physical co-simulation framework is proposed in this chapter. The proposed framework consists of a cybernetic layer, a physical layer, and a co-simulation framework between OpenDSS and Typhoon HIL. The cyber layer consists of software and tools to model the distribution system and communicate with the physical layer. The physical layer is the Typhoon HIL real-time simulator consisting of virtual or real controllable devices. A realistic framework to execute the real-time simulation using the Typhoon HIL SCADA system and Python-based co-simulation is created in this chapter. The real-time simulation demonstrates the proposed framework’s effectiveness in observing the distribution network’s voltage profile due to real-time variation in reactive power from the PV. Date 2023 Language en Library Catalog Springer Link URL https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0224-8_14 Accessed 5/29/2023, 4:46:10 PM Extra DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-0224-8_14 Place Singapore Publisher Springer Nature ISBN 978-981-9902-24-8 Pages 425-446 Series Transactions on Computer Systems and Networks Book Title Real-Time Simulation and Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing Using Typhoon HIL Date Added 5/29/2023, 4:46:10 PM Modified 5/29/2023, 4:46:10 PM Tags:
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Detailed Modeling and Simulation of Distribution Systems Using Sub-Transmission-Distribution Co-Simulation
Item Type Thesis Author Sushrut Thakar Abstract There has been a significant growth in the distributed energy resources (DERs) connected to the distribution networks in recent years. For a distribution system with a high penetration of DERs, a detailed modeling and representation of the distribution network is needed to accurately assess its steady-state and dynamic behavior. In this dissertation, a field-validated model for a real sub-transmission and distribution network is developed, including one of the feeders modeled with the secondary network and loads and solar PV units at their household/user location. A procedure is developed combining data from various sources such as the utility database, geoinformation data, and field measurements to create an accurate network model. Applying a single line to ground fault to the detailed distribution feeder model, a high voltage swell, with potentially detrimental impacts on connected equipment, is shown in one of the non-faulted phases of the feeder. The reason for this voltage swell is analyzed in detail. It is found that with appropriate control the solar PV units on the feeder can reduce the severity of the voltage swell, but not entirely eliminate it. For integrated studies of the transmission-distribution (T&D) network, a T&D co-simulation framework is developed, which is capable of power flow as well as dynamic simulations, and supports unbalanced modeling and disturbances in the distribution as well as the sub-transmission system. The power flow co-simulation framework is developed as a module that can be run on a cloud-based platform. Using the developed framework, the T&D system response is studied for balanced and unbalanced faults on the distribution and sub-transmission system. For some faults the resultant loss of generation can potentially lead to the entire feeder tripping due to high unbalance at the substation. However, it is found that advanced inverter controls may improve the response of the distribution feeders to the faults. The dissertation also highlights the importance of modeling the secondary network for both steady-state and dynamic studies. Lastly, a preliminary investigation is conducted to include different dynamic elements such as grid-forming inverters in a T&D network simulation. Date 2023 Language English Library Catalog ProQuest URL https://www.proquest.com/docview/2813762619/abstract/1E4FCE18775B4028PQ/1 Accessed 5/23/2023, 8:33:29 AM Rights Database copyright ProQuest LLC; ProQuest does not claim copyright in the individual underlying works. Extra ISBN: 9798379526085 Place United States -- Arizona # of Pages 160 Type Ph.D. University Arizona State University Date Added 5/23/2023, 8:33:29 AM Modified 5/23/2023, 8:33:29 AM Tags:
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An Active Learning-based Approach for Hosting Capacity Analysis in Distribution Systems
Item Type Preprint Author Kiyeob Lee Author Peng Zhao Author Anirban Bhattacharya Author Bani K. Mallick Author Le Xie Abstract With the increasing amount of distributed energy resources (DERs) integration, there is a significant need to model and analyze hosting capacity (HC) for future electric distribution grids. Hosting capacity analysis (HCA) examines the amount of DERs that can be safely integrated into the grid and is a challenging task in full generality because there are many possible integration of DERs in foresight. That is, there are numerous extreme points between feasible and infeasible sets. Moreover, HC depends on multiple factors such as (a) adoption patterns of DERs that depend on socio-economic behaviors and (b) how DERs are controlled and managed. These two factors are intrinsic to the problem space because not all integration of DERs may be centrally planned, and could largely change our understanding about HC. This paper addresses the research gap by capturing the two factors (a) and (b) in HCA and by identifying a few most insightful HC scenarios at the cost of domain knowledge. We propose a data-driven HCA framework and introduce active learning in HCA to effectively explore scenarios. Active learning in HCA and characteristics of HC with respect to the two factors (a) and (b) are illustrated in a 3-bus example. Next, detailed largescale studies are proposed to understand the significance of (a) and (b). Our findings suggest that HC and its interpretations significantly change subject to the two factors (a) and (b). Date 2023-05-12 Language en Library Catalog arXiv.org URL http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.07818 Accessed 5/17/2023, 7:41:48 PM Extra arXiv:2305.07818 [cs, eess] Repository arXiv Archive ID arXiv:2305.07818 Date Added 5/17/2023, 7:41:48 PM Modified 5/17/2023, 7:41:48 PM Tags:
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On the Implementation of the Fixed Point Iteration Current Injection Method to Solve Four-Wire Unbalanced Power Flow in PowerModelsDistribution.jl
Item Type Preprint Author Frederik Geth Author Sander Claeys Author Rahmat Heidari Abstract This report serves as a technology description of a Julia-based re-implementation of the fixed-point current injection algorithm, available in PowerModelsDistribution.jl [1]. This report does not describe a novel method for solving unbalanced power flow problems. It merely provides a description of the fixed point iteration variant of the current injection method, inspired by the existing open-source implementation in OpenDSS1 [2]. The current injection method is commonly conceived as a system of nonlinear equalities solved by Newton’s method [3, 4]. However, as Roger Dugan points out in the OpenDSS documentation, the fixed point iteration variant commonly outperforms most methods, while supporting meshed topologies from the ground up. Date 2023-05-07 Language en Library Catalog arXiv.org URL http://arxiv.org/abs/2305.04405 Accessed 5/10/2023, 8:33:55 PM Extra arXiv:2305.04405 [math] Repository arXiv Archive ID arXiv:2305.04405 Date Added 5/10/2023, 8:33:55 PM Modified 5/10/2023, 8:33:55 PM Tags:
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Avaliação dos impactos da tecnologia LED e técnicas de gestão de iluminação pública em redes de distribuição
Item Type Thesis Author Lia Farias Pinto Date 2018 Language pt-BR Library Catalog repositorio.unicamp.br URL https://repositorio.unicamp.br/acervo/detalhe/1009833 Accessed 5/4/2023, 8:01:08 PM University [s.n.] Date Added 5/4/2023, 8:01:08 PM Modified 5/4/2023, 8:01:30 PM Attachments
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Generalized Formulation of Steady-State Equivalent Circuit Models of Grid-Forming Inverters
Item Type Journal Article Author Vinicius C. Cunha Author Taehyung Kim Author Nicholas Barry Author Piyapath Siratarnsophon Author Surya Santoso Author Walmir Freitas Author Deepak Ramasubramanian Author Roger C. Dugan Abstract This work proposes positive- and negative-sequence equivalent circuits of grid-forming inverters for steady-state analysis. The proposed models are especially attractive for performing long-duration voltage regulation analysis and short-circuit studies involving grid-forming inverters. Our proposed equivalent circuit models are based on the inverter’s voltage and current control loops in the \alpha \beta and dq frames. For this reason, they operate according to prescribed control functions and specified impedances (i.e., filter impedance, current limiter block, virtual admittance block, and PI/PR controller block). The equivalent circuit model accuracy is validated by comparing system steady-state voltage and current responses obtained by detailed time-domain models in PSCAD/EMTDC to those by the equivalent circuit models implemented in steady-state load flow program (e.g., OpenDSS). Two distinct control structures implemented in the \alpha \beta and dq frames are used for the validation. Single line-to-ground and line-to-line-to-ground faults are simulated in a small islanded microgrid as well as the IEEE 34-node test feeder. Fault impedances varying from 0 to 5 ohms are simulated. We show that the equivalent models precisely replicate the steady-state response of the detailed time-domain models. Date 2021 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy Volume 8 Pages 352-364 Publication IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy DOI 10.1109/OAJPE.2021.3108680 ISSN 2687-7910 Date Added 4/26/2023, 7:15:40 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 7:15:40 PM Tags:
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ADVANCED DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM ALGORITHMS: PLANNING CONSIDERING MICROGRID CLUSTERING, LOCALIZED VOLT-VAR OPTIMIZATION INCLUDING DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES, AND RESTORATION USING REINFORCEMENT LEARNING
Item Type Thesis Author Hongda Ren Abstract With more and more applications of distributed energy resources powered by renewable energy in distribution power systems, there is an increasing need to improve power system’s resiliency for reliable and continuous power supply and efficiency while reducing carbon emissions. To reach this target, we investigate the path to study distributed energy resources (DERs) in distribution systems from planning, real-time operation and control, restoration and reconfiguration after faults. First, we introduce metrics of microgrid performance and use these metrics in DERs planning and storage analysis with testing of battery model to evaluate transient stability and mode transition. The metrics are used in the following chapters to evaluate power loss, voltage deviation in Volt-VAR control, and operational complexity in restoration. The combination of distribution system and DERs modeling are used to validate clustering method for size and site solutions for distributed generation using time series simulation. Furthermore, sizing and siting of DERs in a distribution system has been studied to intentionally form multiple self-sufficient microgrids to increase resiliency. However, DER planning is not adequate for real-time operations and avoiding voltage violations caused by intermittent power generation from photovoltaic sources. Thus, our second contribution is a localized model-free Volt-VAR optimization (VVO) approach for network power loss minimization. The proposed controller is a combination of the extremum seeking algorithm to achieve the network-level objective without communications with other decision-making agents and an adaptive droop controller to achieve a stable response under fast varying phenomena. We also evaluate the theoretical conditions for localized results to approach to centralized optimal solutions. Finally, we implement deep Q learning (DQN) in load restoration using switch operations for random fault scenarios. To evaluate the capability of the DQN model, we build OpenAI gym compatible environment integrating OpenDSS, tune learning rate and hidden layers configuration of neural network, and make predictions using trained model. These results show that the DQN provides decisions perform close to human experience results with only partial measurements and status of the system. These three contributions include DERs planning, volt-VAR optimization and control, and load restoration in distribution power systems. Date 2021 Language eng Extra Citation Key: RenHongda2021ADSA Pages: 199 tex.subject: Electrical engineering;Energy Type phd University Washington State University / Washington State University Date Added 4/26/2023, 7:06:56 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 7:06:56 PM Attachments
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DERMS Online: A New Voltage Sensitivity-Enabled Feedback Optimization Framework: Preprint
Item Type Report Author Yiyun Yao Author Ketian Ye Author Junbo Zhao Author Fei Ding Author Julieta Giraldez Abstract This paper proposes a distributed energy resource management system (DERMS) solution by developing a new voltage sensitivity enabled feedback optimization framework. The key idea is to adopt a measurement feedback scheme to reformulate the original nonlinear optimization into a linear programming (LP) problem via perturb and observe-based voltage sensitivity analysis. The proposed solution eliminates the dependence on load knowledge and can be implemented online thanks to an efficient open-source solver for LP problems. The proposed DERMS online platform is generalizable to deal with various types of distributed energy resources (DERs), including distributed photovoltaics (PVs), energy storage, electric vehicles, demand response, etc. Comparison results with other control methods on a realistic distribution feeder in Southern California highlight the feasibility as well as benefits for the proposed framework. Date 2022/05/04 Language English Short Title DERMS Online Library Catalog www.osti.gov URL https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1867209 Accessed 4/26/2023, 7:03:33 PM Report Number NREL/CP-5D00-80636 Institution National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States) Date Added 4/26/2023, 7:03:33 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 7:03:33 PM Attachments
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Distribution System Research Roadmap; Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Item Type Report Author Thomas E. McDermott Author Killian McKenna Author Miguel Heleno Author Bilal Ahmad Bhatti Author Michael Emmanuel Author Sydney Forrester Abstract The scope of the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) office covers a number of distributed energy resource (DER) technologies, including distributed photovoltaics, smart buildings, wind, water, behind-the-meter-storage, and electric vehicles. The impact of these technologies on the distribution system is often assessed with an individual technology focus. Similarly, different technology offices often leverage different sets of tools, leading to analyses that are not comparable. EERE sought the ability to assess the impact of integrating multiple DER technologies, and to comprehensively address DER integration challenges across the portfolio of EERE technologies. This project built on existing work understanding technical challenges, mapped out the key research questions, assessed relevant capabilities across the national laboratory network, identified key gaps, and produced a research roadmap to inform EERE investment decisions. Date 2022/02/01 Language English Library Catalog www.osti.gov URL https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1843579 Accessed 4/26/2023, 7:02:45 PM Extra DOI: 10.2172/1843579 Report Number PNNL-31580 Institution Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States) Date Added 4/26/2023, 7:02:45 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 7:02:45 PM Attachments
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A comprehensive framework for Smart Grid simulation
Item Type Presentation Date 2020 URL https://energy-informatics2020.ch/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/9_Rosato.pdf Date Added 4/26/2023, 6:58:15 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 6:59:31 PM Attachments
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Edge Intelligent Devices and Cloud-based Analytical Platform for Behind-the-meter Solar Situational Awareness
Item Type Presentation Presenter Raja Ayyanar Presenter Bo Yang Language en Date Added 4/26/2023, 6:52:14 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 6:52:41 PM Attachments
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Investigação do uso de diferentes modelos e métodos de solução de fluxo de potência no cálculo de perdas técnicas em sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica
Item Type Thesis Author Rodrigo Santos Bonadia Date 2021 Language pt-BR Library Catalog repositorio.unicamp.br URL https://repositorio.unicamp.br/acervo/detalhe/1167715 Accessed 4/26/2023, 6:46:34 PM University [s.n.] Date Added 4/26/2023, 6:46:34 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 6:46:57 PM Attachments
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Methodology for the Creation of More Realistic Scenarios of Rooftop PVs Allocation in Monte Carlo Studies
Item Type Conference Paper Author Diego G. Almeida Author Tiago R. Ricciardi Author Fernanda C. L. Trindade Abstract Due to the increased installation of rooftop PV generators in electric power distribution systems and the intrinsic uncertainties, impact studies require probabilistic methods such as Monte Carlo simulation. An important uncertainty of the Monte Carlo simulation involving rooftop PV systems is the local of installation. Considering all the customer units from the utility database with equal probability for receiving a rooftop PV generator provides unrealistic results. For instance, customers of a building should not receive the same treatment as houses. In this context, to allow more realistic studies, this work presents a methodology for selecting the most probable customer units to install rooftop PV generators considering net metering tariff. The methodology consists of reading a real complete database of a distribution utility, sizing the rooftop PV generators, filtering the customer units with the highest potential to receive a PV generator, and creating the scenarios for the Monte Carlo study. At the end, computational simulations using OpenDSS are carried out in two real distribution networks to illustrate the application of the method. Date 2021-11 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 84-89 Proceedings Title 2021 IEEE URUCON Conference Name 2021 IEEE URUCON DOI 10.1109/URUCON53396.2021.9647195 Date Added 4/26/2023, 6:45:15 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 6:45:15 PM Tags:
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Impacto de distorções harmônicas no cálculo de perdas técnicas em sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica
Item Type Thesis Author Pedro Pereira de Almeida Date 2021 Language pt-BR Library Catalog repositorio.unicamp.br URL https://repositorio.unicamp.br/acervo/detalhe/1162310 Accessed 4/26/2023, 6:41:13 PM University [s.n.] Date Added 4/26/2023, 6:41:13 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 6:47:38 PM Attachments
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Automated Determination of Topology and Line Parameters in Low Voltage Systems Using Smart Meters Measurements
Item Type Journal Article Author Vinicius C. Cunha Author Walmir Freitas Author Fernanda C. L. Trindade Author Surya Santoso Abstract This work proposes a generic method to utilize customer smart meter measurements to automatically and simultaneously estimate topology, line parameters, and customer and line phasing connections in low voltage (LV) distribution systems. This generic approach is applicable to single, two, and three-phases lines and customers. Hence, it is suitable not only for North American systems but also for European and South American systems. This generic estimation is conducted by using a multiple linear regression model applied to data supplied by customers meters. The acceptance of each estimated parameter is carried out through comparisons with mathematical (e.g., coefficient of determination and relative standard deviation) and physical constraints (e.g., resistances, line length, and conductor X/R ratios). Granularity and sensitivity analyses are also conducted taking into account smart meter data quality (e.g., update ratio, metering errors, resolution, clock desynchronization). The obtained results show the high performance of the method to correctly estimate the system topology, line parameters, and line and customers phasing based on a specification of 15-day sample size with 60-min resolution as a general compromise solution between data acquisition and accuracy. Date 2020-11 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Volume 11 Pages 5028-5038 Publication IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid DOI 10.1109/TSG.2020.3004096 Issue 6 ISSN 1949-3061 Date Added 4/26/2023, 6:38:01 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 6:38:01 PM Tags:
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A Co-simulation Platform for Evaluating Cyber Security and Control Applications in the Smart Grid
Item Type Conference Paper Author Evandro de Souza Author Omid Ardakanian Author Ioanis Nikolaidis Abstract The growing adoption of Distributed Energy Re-sources (DER) in low-voltage distribution grids calls for new feedback control algorithms that rely on quasi-real-time data collected by remote sensors. The design and evaluation of such algorithms necessitates a prudent and comprehensive approach since these algorithms require a tight integration of power and communication systems. A simple link failure or a sophisticated cyberattack launched against the grid's monitoring, communication, and control infrastructure could rapidly grow out of control, making the grid unstable. We investigate the design and implementation of a high-fidelity smart grid simulation platform which integrates a network simulator and a power flow simulator using the Mosaik co-simulation framework. The platform allows for evaluating the performance of new control algorithms and understanding dynamics of modern distribution grids. Example case studies are presented to validate the proposed platform. Date 2020-06 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra ISSN: 1938-1883 Pages 1-7 Proceedings Title ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) Conference Name ICC 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) DOI 10.1109/ICC40277.2020.9149212 Date Added 4/26/2023, 6:35:16 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 6:35:16 PM Tags:
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Architecture for Co-Simulation of Transportation and Distribution Systems with Electric Vehicle Charging at Scale in the San Francisco Bay Area
Item Type Journal Article Author Nadia V. Panossian Author Haitam Laarabi Author Keith Moffat Author Heather Chang Author Bryan Palmintier Author Andrew Meintz Author Timothy E. Lipman Author Rashid A. Waraich Abstract This work describes the Grid-Enhanced, Mobility-Integrated Network Infrastructures for Extreme Fast Charging (GEMINI) architecture for the co-simulation of distribution and transportation systems to evaluate EV charging impacts on electric distribution systems of a large metropolitan area and the surrounding rural regions with high fidelity. The current co-simulation is applied to Oakland and Alameda, California, and in future work will be extended to the full San Francisco Bay Area. It uses the HELICS co-simulation framework to enable parallel instances of vetted grid and transportation software programs to interact at every model timestep, allowing high-fidelity simulations at a large scale. This enables not only the impacts of electrified transportation systems across a larger interconnected collection of distribution feeders to be evaluated, but also the feedbacks between the two systems, such as through control systems, to be captured and compared. The findings are that with moderate passenger EV adoption rates, inverter controls combined with some distribution system hardware upgrades can maintain grid voltages within ANSI C.84 range A limits of 0.95 to 1.05 p.u. without smart charging. However, EV charging control may be required for higher levels of charging or to reduce grid upgrades, and this will be explored in future work. Date 2023-02-24 Language en Library Catalog DOI.org (Crossref) URL https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/5/2189 Accessed 4/26/2023, 5:42:50 PM Volume 16 Pages 2189 Publication Energies DOI 10.3390/en16052189 Issue 5 Journal Abbr Energies ISSN 1996-1073 Date Added 4/26/2023, 5:42:50 PM Modified 4/26/2023, 5:42:50 PM Attachments
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Noise-Immune Machine Learning and Autonomous Grid Control
Item Type Journal Article Author James Obert Author Rodrigo D. Trevizan Author Adrian Chavez Abstract Most recently, stochastic control methods such as deep reinforcement learning (DRL) have proven to be efficient and quick converging methods in providing localized grid voltage control. Because of the random dynamical characteristics of grid reactive loads and bus voltages, such stochastic control methods are particularly useful in accurately predicting future voltage levels and in minimizing associated cost functions. Although DRL is capable of quickly inferring future voltage levels given specific voltage control actions, it is prone to high variance when the learning rate or discount factors are set for rapid convergence in the presence of bus noise. Evolutionary learning is also capable of minimizing cost function and can be leveraged for localized grid control, but it does not infer future voltage levels given specific control inputs and instead simply selects those control actions that result in the best voltage control. For this reason, evolutionary learning is better suited than DRL for voltage control in noisy grid environments. To illustrate this, using a cyber adversary to inject random noise, we compare the use of evolutionary learning and DRL in autonomous voltage control (AVC) under noisy control conditions and show that it is possible to achieve a high mean voltage control using a genetic algorithm (GA). We show that the GA additionally can provide superior AVC to DRL with comparable computational efficiency. We illustrate that the superior noise immunity properties of evolutionary learning make it a good choice for implementing AVC in noisy environments or in the presence of random cyber-attacks. Date 2023 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy Volume 10 Pages 176-186 Publication IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy DOI 10.1109/OAJPE.2023.3238886 ISSN 2687-7910 Date Added 4/25/2023, 11:59:16 PM Modified 4/25/2023, 11:59:16 PM Tags:
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Electrificación del Calor en el Sur de Chile: Determinación de requerimientos e impactos en la red eléctrica de distribución
Item Type Manuscript Author Alfredo Alonso Gallegos González Language es Library Catalog Zotero Date Added 4/15/2023, 12:33:00 AM Modified 4/15/2023, 12:34:15 AM Attachments
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National Low-Voltage Feeder Taxonomy Study
Item Type Journal Article Author Frederik Geth Author Thomas Brinsmead Author Sam West Author Peter Goldthorpe Author Brian Spak Author Gavin Cross Author Julio Braslavsky Date 2021-11-25 Language en-AU Library Catalog publications.csiro.au URL https://publications.csiro.au/rpr/pub?pid=csiro:EP2021-2759&expert=false&sb=RECENT&%20frederik&q= Accessed 4/5/2023, 6:53:43 AM Extra Publisher: CSIRO DOI 10.25919/2tas-7213 Date Added 4/5/2023, 6:53:43 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 6:53:43 AM Attachments
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MAPPING NETWORK LOSSES AND DISTRIBUTION LINE FLOWS WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Item Type Thesis Author Mariana De Aragao Ribeiro Rodrigues Date 2021-2-25 Language pt Library Catalog DOI.org (Crossref) URL http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=54970@2 Accessed 4/5/2023, 6:47:57 AM Extra DOI: 10.17771/PUCRio.acad.54970 Place Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Type MESTRE EM CIÊNCIAS EM ENGENHARIA ELÉTRICA University PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO Date Added 4/5/2023, 6:47:57 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 6:47:57 AM Attachments
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Investigação do potencial de utilização de equipamentos modernos em sistemas de distribuição com alta penetração de microgeração distribuída baseada em energia fotovoltaica
Item Type Thesis Author Rafael Viviani Galdino Date 2021 Language pt-BR Library Catalog repositorio.unicamp.br URL http://repositorio.unicamp.br/acervo/detalhe/1162225?i=1 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:54:45 AM University [s.n.] Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:54:45 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 9:11:25 AM Attachments
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Non-Technical Losses Detection and Location for LV Systems Applying Smart Meters Measurements
Item Type Conference Paper Author Felipe B.B. Rolim Author Vinicius C. Cunha Author Fernanda C.L. Trindade Abstract Nowadays, the deployment of smart meters is increasing worldwide. The information provided by this equipment allows vast improvements to grid management. Among the potential applications, the mitigation of non-technical losses is an important benefit for the utilities and the customers. High levels of unknown consumption deteriorate the system operation and increase its costs. Usually, part of the non-technical losses costs is assigned to the customers, and part to the utilities, representing revenue loss and high-energy tariffs. In this scenario, this work investigates the application of smart meters measurements to detect and locate non-technical losses in low voltage systems. The proposed methodology is based on the coefficient of determination evaluation obtained from a multiple linear regression model of the circuit. The study cases show that the method can successfully detect and locate non-technical losses. However, factors as measurements accuracy, resolution, update ratio, desynchronization, and the amount of deviated power affect its performance. Date 2022-07 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra ISSN: 1944-9933 Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) Conference Name 2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) DOI 10.1109/PESGM48719.2022.9917085 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:49:54 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:49:54 AM Tags:
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Practical Method for First-Screening Assessment of New PV Connection Requests on Unbalanced Low Voltage Distribution Systems
Item Type Journal Article Author Ricardo Torquato Author Walmir Freitas Author Fernanda C. L. Trindade Abstract The massive growth of photovoltaic (PV) generators connected to low voltage (LV) systems is making it impractical for utilities to conduct a detailed technical analysis to approve every connection request. In response, this paper proposes simple equations to quickly estimate the PV hosting capacity on any circuit location without the need to run power flow simulations. By representing all loads and generators as constant current consumption/injection, the superposition theorem can be used to calculate the impact of each new PV on voltage magnitude and current flows. This approach can be used on a first screening assessment to immediately filter out cases that present no risk of technical violations to the circuit. Only connection requests flagged with risk of violation in this initial screening must be analyzed in detail by specialized engineers. Any type of PV connection (single-phase, two-phase, three-phase) in unbalanced multiphase LV systems can be analyzed. Extensive validation studies reveal that this approach is conservative, which makes it safe and reliable for quick first screening analyses. Its estimation errors are between 5% and 18%. Recommendations on how to employ the proposed approach in practice are also presented. Date 2023-02 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Volume 38 Pages 363-375 Publication IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery DOI 10.1109/TPWRD.2022.3187273 Issue 1 ISSN 1937-4208 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:45:12 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:45:12 AM Tags:
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Investigation of the Performance of Modern Volt-var Control Technologies in Electric Power Distribution Systems with Rooftop PV Generators
Item Type Conference Paper Author Pedro A. V. Pato Author Rafael V. Galdino Author Fernanda C. L. Trindade Author Caio B. Franchi Author Rafael A. Rosolen Author Tuo Ji Abstract The increased penetration of rooftop PV generators in electric power distribution networks has caused technical problems, such as overvoltage, low power factor, and higher maintenance costs of Volt-var control equipment. This work investigates the potential of modern Volt-var control technologies in mitigating technical issues aggravated by the connection of rooftop PV generators to the distribution systems. The performance of the technologies is assessed in terms of the violation of steady-state voltage and power factor regulatory limits, and the number of operations of controllable devices, which affects maintenance costs. Active power loss is also evaluated to identify how the technology under analysis affects it. The results can be used to guide the utilities in the choice of the most suitable solution (a single or a set of equipment) according to the identified technical problems. Date 2021-06 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra ISSN: 0160-8371 Pages 0123-0129 Proceedings Title 2021 IEEE 48th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) Conference Name 2021 IEEE 48th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC) DOI 10.1109/PVSC43889.2021.9518645 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:42:12 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:42:12 AM Tags:
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Modeling of Single-Phase Photovoltaic Generators for System-Wide Harmonic Power Flow Studies
Item Type Journal Article Author Andrés Argüello Author Ricardo Torquato Author Bárbara Rosado Author Walmir Freitas Abstract An important power quality concern of integrating single-phase photovoltaic (PV) generators to low-voltage (LV) residential systems, is their impact on harmonic distortions due to their power electronic-based interface through a voltage source converter (VSC). Unfortunately, most existing single-phase PV models are focused on the analysis of an individual device, and do not provide a modular circuit model that can be directly integrated into a commercial harmonic power flow simulation tool for large-scale power system studies. In response, this paper derives a single-input single-output harmonic model for single-phase PVs that is independent of grid parameters, thus enabling multiple of these devices to be considered simultaneously in system-wide harmonic power flow analyses. The model is validated with electromagnetic transient simulations and then, characterization studies are conducted to determine the expected harmonic impact of these PV generators on a real LV system. Results demonstrate these devices can increase system damping at typical low order harmonics and are unlikely to introduce new resonances at this frequency range. In addition, it is essential to model the VSC controller effect for a more accurate assessment of its harmonic impact. Sensitivity studies reveal how different VSC parameters affect this behavior. Date 2022 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion Pages 1-11 Publication IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion DOI 10.1109/TEC.2022.3218980 ISSN 1558-0059 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:39:12 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:39:12 AM Tags:
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Design and operation of Hybrid Multi-Terminal Soft Open Points using Feeder Selector Switches for flexible distribution system interconnection
Item Type Journal Article Author Matthew Deakin Author Phil C. Taylor Author Janusz Bialek Author Wenlong Ming Abstract Distribution systems will require new cost-effective solutions to provide network capacity and increased flexibility to accommodate Low Carbon Technologies. To address this need, we propose the Hybrid Multi-Terminal Soft Open Point (Hybrid MT-SOP) to efficiently provide distribution system interconnection capacity. Each leg of the Hybrid MT-SOP has an AC/DC converter connected in series with a bank of AC switches (Feeder Selector Switches) to allow the converter to connect to any of the feeders at a node. Asymmetric converter sizing is shown to increase feasible power transfers by up to 50% in the three-terminal case, whilst a conic mixed-integer program is formulated to optimally select the device configuration and power transfers. A case study shows the Hybrid MT-SOP increasing utilization of the converters by more than one third, with a 13% increase in system loss reduction as compared to an equally-sized MT-SOP. Date 2022-11-01 Language en Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378779622006289 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:37:18 AM Volume 212 Pages 108516 Publication Electric Power Systems Research DOI 10.1016/j.epsr.2022.108516 Journal Abbr Electric Power Systems Research ISSN 0378-7796 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:37:18 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:37:18 AM Tags:
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Towards a Secure and Resilient Smart Grid Cyberinfrastructure Using Software-Defined Networking
Item Type Thesis Author Yanfeng Qu Author , Lan Zhiling Author , Hong Yuan Author , Li Zuyi Author , Chen Bo Abstract To enhance the cyber-resilience and security of the smart grid against malicious attacks and system errors, we present software-defined networking (SDN)-based communication architecture design for smart grid operation. Our design utilizes SDN technology, which improves network manageability, and provides application-oriented visibility and direct programmability, to deploy the multiple SDN-aware applications to enhance grid security and resilience including optimization-based network management to recover Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) network connectivity and restore power system observability; Flow-based anomaly detection and optimization-based network management to mitigate Manipulation of demand of IoT (MadIoT) attack. We also developed a prototype system in a cyber-physical testbed and conducted extensive evaluation experiments using the IEEE 30-bus system, IEEE 118-bus system, and IIT campus microgrid. Date 2022 Extra ISBN: 9798845407900 Place USA Type PhD Thesis University Illinois Institute of Technology Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:34:42 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:34:42 AM Notes:
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AAI29261918
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Log(v) 3LPF: A Linear Power Flow Formulation for Unbalanced Three-Phase Distribution Systems
Item Type Journal Article Author Ignacio Losada Carreño Author Anna Scaglione Author Shammya Shananda Saha Author Daniel Arnold Author Sy-Toan Ngo Author Ciaran Roberts Abstract In this work, we introduce Log(v) 3LPF, a linear power flow solver for unbalanced three-phase distribution systems. Log(v) 3LPF uses a logarithmic transform of the voltage phasor to linearize the AC power flow equations around the balanced case. We incorporate the modeling of ZIP loads, transformers, capacitor banks, switches and their corresponding controls and express the network equations in matrix-vector form. With scalability in mind, special attention is given to the computation of the inverse of the system admittance matrix, Ybus. We use the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury identity for an efficient computation of the inverse of a rank-k corrected matrix and compare the performance of this method with traditional LU decomposition methods using Big-$\mathcal O$ notation. We showcase the solver for a variety of network sizes, ranging from tens to thousands of nodes, and compare the Log(v) 3LPF with commercial-grade software, such as OpenDSS. Date 2023-01 Short Title Log(v) 3LPF Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems Volume 38 Pages 100-113 Publication IEEE Transactions on Power Systems DOI 10.1109/TPWRS.2022.3166725 Issue 1 ISSN 1558-0679 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:32:41 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:32:41 AM Tags:
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Decentralized Voltage Control with Peer-to-peer Energy Trading in a Distribution Network
Item Type Preprint Author Chen Feng Author Andrew L. Lu Author Yihsu Chen Abstract Utilizing distributed renewable and energy storage resources via peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading has long been touted as a solution to improve energy system's resilience and sustainability. Consumers and prosumers (those who have energy generation resources), however, do not have expertise to engage in repeated P2P trading, and the zero-marginal costs of renewables present challenges in determining fair market prices. To address these issues, we propose a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) framework to help automate consumers' bidding and management of their solar PV and energy storage resources, under a specific P2P clearing mechanism that utilizes the so-called supply-demand ratio. In addition, we show how the MARL framework can integrate physical network constraints to realize decentralized voltage control, hence ensuring physical feasibility of the P2P energy trading and paving ways for real-world implementations. Date 2022-12-28 Library Catalog arXiv.org URL http://arxiv.org/abs/2212.14156 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:32:02 AM Extra arXiv:2212.14156 [cs, eess] DOI 10.48550/arXiv.2212.14156 Repository arXiv Archive ID arXiv:2212.14156 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:32:02 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:32:02 AM Tags:
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The Los Angeles 100% Renewable Energy Study (LA100): Chapter 7. Distribution System Analysis
Item Type Report Author Bryan Palmintier Author Meghan Mooney Author Kelsey Horowitz Author Sherin Abraham Author Tarek Elgindy Author Kwami Sedzro Author Ben Sigrin Author Jane Lockshin Author Brady Cowiestoll Author Paul Denholm Abstract The City of Los Angeles has set ambitious goals to transform its electricity supply, aiming to achieve a 100% renewable energy power system by 2045, along with aggressive electrification targets for buildings and vehicles. To reach these goals, and assess the implications for jobs, electricity rates, the environment, and environmental justice, the Los Angeles City Council passed a series of motions directing the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) to determine the technical feasibility and investment pathways of a 100% renewable energy portfolio standard. The Los Angeles 100% Renewable Energy Study (LA100) is a first-of-its-kind objective, rigorous, and science-based power systems analysis to determine what investments could be made to achieve these goals. The LA100 final report is presented as a collection of 12 chapters and an executive summary, each of which is available as an individual download. This chapter summarizes the growth in distribution-connected energy resources and provides a detailed review of impacts to the distribution grid of growth in customer electricity demand, solar, and storage, as well as required distribution grid upgrades and associated costs. Date 2021/03/24 Language English Short Title The Los Angeles 100% Renewable Energy Study (LA100) Library Catalog www.osti.gov URL https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1958737 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:31:06 AM Extra DOI: 10.2172/1958737 Report Number NREL/TP-6A20-85428 Institution National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States) Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:31:06 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:31:06 AM Attachments
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Assessment of stochastic control methods for home energy management using a high-fidelity residential energy model and realistic levels of uncertainty, An
Item Type Document Author Michael Blonsky Date 2022 URL https://hdl.handle.net/11124/15401 Publisher Colorado School of Mines. Arthur Lakes Library Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:28:56 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:28:56 AM Notes:
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In the residential sector, there is considerable growth in smart, interactive devices including thermostats, water heaters, electric vehicle chargers, solar panels, and battery systems. These devices can all provide the electric grid with additional flexibility, which is a valuable resource for grid operators and helps reduce system costs and emissions. However, it is difficult to control these devices because there is considerable diversity in the residential housing stock and because the controls depend on stochastic variables such as weather and occupant behavior. We present a stochastic control framework for home energy management systems that can control these devices while accounting for multiple sources of uncertainty. To do this, we first develop an integrated residential energy model that can simulate multiple controllable devices with high resolution and can interface with external controllers. We then design a control framework with a linear residential energy model, a forecast generator that provides realistic estimates of weather and occupancy variables, and a control objective that captures energy costs and occupant comfort. The control framework is used to evaluate the performance of heuristic, deterministic, and stochastic control methods, primarily model predictive control.We show that the stochastic model predictive control performs best in scenarios with realistic levels of uncertainty. We also validate the residential energy models and show the benefits of high-fidelity modeling for building-to-grid co-simulation studies. The results shown in this dissertation provide a deeper understanding of residential load flexibility in uncertain conditions, and the frameworks developed enable future research for evaluating flexible loads in a broad set of applications.
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Generating sequential PV deployment scenarios for high renewable distribution grid planning
Item Type Conference Paper Author Kwami Senam A. Sedzro Author Michael Emmanuel Author Sherin Ann Abraham Abstract This paper introduces a novel approach for generating solar photovoltaic (PV) plant deployment scenarios for grid integration planning. The approach guarantees consistency among scenarios of the same deployment by ensuring that higher penetration scenarios contain PV units deployed in lower penetration scenarios. It also constrains the size and spatial distribution of the PV plants and considers three placement types. A case study on a real-world distribution system proves that the precepts of scenario consistency, deployment diversity, and placement are met. The study further investigates the impact of the resulting scenarios via a stochastic hosting capacity analysis. Results indicate that the ratio between PV and load sizes, referred to as the nodal PV penetration factor (NPPF), is a key driver of the grid integration impact. By reducing the NPPF from 5 to 2, the maximum hosting capacity increased by at least 112%. The study also reveals that scenarios under random placement can lead to higher hosting capacity values. Date 2022-09 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2022 IEEE International Conference on Power Systems Technology (POWERCON) Conference Name 2022 IEEE International Conference on Power Systems Technology (POWERCON) DOI 10.1109/POWERCON53406.2022.9929337 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:24:17 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:24:17 AM Tags:
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Phasor-Based Control on Islanded Networks
Item Type Thesis Author Kyle Brady Abstract The advancement of sensing technologies for the power grid has allowed the development of new strategies for the control of distributed energy resources (DERs). In particular, the emergence of phasor measurement units (PMUs) designed for deployment at the distribution level has presented an exciting opportunity. These PMUs have enabled the development of phasor-based control (PBC), a strategy that formulates DER power dispatch in terms of voltage phasor targets to be tracked by local controllers. This dissertation focuses on the optimal power flow (OPF) component of PBC’s supervisory control layer, which has previously been conceptualized and demonstrated in simulation on distribution networks. We expand its applicability to medium-voltage minigrids and micro- grids operating in island mode, networks where PBC has the potential to deliver important benefits. The work is carried out in two stages. After a discussion of PBC and other relevant back- ground topics, we address one of the primary challenges to PBC at the medium voltage level: the need for extreme accuracy in the supervisory controller’s generation of phasor targets. This accuracy is achieved through an adaptation of an iterative OPF methodology that re- fines a linearized model of power flow through successive exchanges with a nonlinear solver. We discuss the changes that were made to both linear model and nonlinear solver, as well as the determination of phasor targets on networks that include tap-changing transformers and other realistic equipment. The accuracy of the adapted iterative method is then shown in simulation. The second stage of the work covers the extension of our OPF implementation to islanded systems. We present a strategy for the treatment of the slack bus used by our nonlinear solver and apply it to several test cases in simulation. We then analyze a specific case in 2 which our iterative solution method fails, and demonstrate the use of a penalty factor in our linearized OPF formulation as a means of overcoming that failure. A full, end-to-end implementation of PBC’s supervisory layer is then proposed and tested on a number of DER distributions at different feeder penetration levels. We end with a presentation of data relevant to instrument-transformer-induced error in PMU measurements. This final portion stands alone from the primary work of the dissertation, but remains highly relevant to PBC. From an experimental deployment of two PMUs measuring an identical distribution-grid voltage, we determine a ratio of the errors induced by their individual potential transformers. Monitoring this quantity over the course of a year allows us to track the drift in those induced errors over time, motivating a discussion of the expected impact of error drift on PBC and the frequency with which transformers will need to be recalibrated in operational settings. Language en URL https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/techreports/ucb/incoming/EECS-2021-233.pdf # of Pages 77 University University of California, Berkeley Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:21:34 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 9:07:20 AM Attachments
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Cyber Risk Analysis and Threat Mitigation Strategies Against Distributed Energy Resources and Internet of Things Infrastructure Attacks
Item Type Thesis Author David Jonathan Sebastian Cardenas Abstract Distributed Energy Resources penetration levels continue to increase across distribution networks, producing a wide variety of challenges for system operators. Creating among others, the need for new or improved methods that can manage their output characteristics. This has led to regulatory amendments that are expected to facilitate secure grid operations while continuing to enable increasing levels of Distributed Energy Resources penetration. However, it is still unclear if these systems will behave as intended in the presence of a cyber attack.To address this fundamental question, this work presents a detailed cybersecurity analysis on Distributed Energy Resources and Internet of Things infrastructure, covering a wide variety of angles from assessing device-level vulnerabilities to proposing methods/metrics that can quantify risk at the system-level. In addition, this work introduces two, fully-virtualized cyber-physical testbeds that have been envisioned for cyber-security researchers. It is expected that these software-based tools can aid to develop better, more secure Internet of Things and Distributed Energy Resource-based deployments.Furthermore, methods for ensuring correct operation at the device-level and distribution system-level are presented. In specific, a Trusted Execution Environment solution, which relies on hardware-level process isolation has been developed to provide digital-attestation services on analog inputs. The final contribution of this work is the development of a distributed fail-safe method for managing Volt-Var operations. The proposed method combines local voltage information (from independent agents) and simplified network models to determine the expected voltage output before actually executing the command using consensus-voting techniques. The underlying distributed consensus methods and power models work together to ensure that a final decision not only satisfies traditional power system constraints such as security (correctness) and dependability but also availability and partition tolerance under distributed systems theory. Date 2021 Library Catalog ACM Digital Library Extra AAI28155456 ISBN-13: 9798538110902 Place USA Type phd University Washington State University Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:17:27 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:17:27 AM Attachments
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Blockchain-Based Transactive Energy Systems
Item Type Patent Inventor Sri Nikhil Gupta Gourisetti Inventor Steven E. Widergren Inventor Michael E. Mylrea Inventor David J. Sebastian Cardenas Inventor Mark I. Borkum Inventor Bishnu P. Bhattarai Inventor Peng Wang Inventor Alysha M. Randall Inventor Hayden M. Reeve URL https://patents.google.com/patent/US20220179378A1/en Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:16:44 AM Country US Assignee Battelle Memorial Institute Inc Issuing Authority United States Patent Number US20220179378A1 Filing Date 2021-11-29 Application Number US17537231 Issue Date 2022-06-09 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:16:44 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:16:44 AM Tags:
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Preparing Distribution Utilities for Utility-Scale Storage and Electric Vehicles: A Novel Analytical Framework
Item Type Report Author Adarsh Nagarajan Author Shibani Ghosh Author Akshay Kumar Jain Author Sertac Akar Author Richard Bryce Author Michael Emmanuel Author Timothy Remo Author Aadil Latif Author David Palchak Author Jaquelin Cochran Author Abhishek Ranjan Author Naveen Nagpal Abstract Emerging distributed energy resources (DERs)—such as solar photovoltaics (PV), battery energy storage systems (BESS), and electric vehicles (EVs)—are expected to increase substantially in India in the coming years following policy-driven targets of the Government of India to modernize its electricity system, reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), and improve air quality. These emerging technologies can pose challenges to distribution utilities, forcing overhauls in planning and operational practices. They can also create challenges in power system infrastructure planning and cause more frequent system operational violations (e.g., network voltage bounds and loading thresholds) if not properly integrated. The impacts on the localized power distribution grid from these emerging technologies manifest in increased infrastructure investments and erratic shifts in demand patterns. These impacts are not yet well understood, and analytic solutions are not readily available. To address these challenges, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), in collaboration with BSES Rajdhani Power Ltd. (BRPL), developed an advanced power distribution system impact analysis framework of BRPL’s distribution system. This framework helps analyze the readiness of the power distribution network to accommodate emerging technologies and the potential opportunities they might introduce. The framework has been predominantly set up to evaluate distributed PV, BESS, and EVs. In this collaboration between NREL and BRPL, we developed and evaluated the framework on two distribution feeders in the BRPL territory for various scenarios of BESS and EVs. BESS are evaluated for their effectiveness on the grid to mitigate present and future feeder overloading scenarios, and they are subsequently analyzed for their costs compared to the costs of traditional upgradation measures. Scenarios include assessing the effects of EV density on grid infrastructure upgrades and interlinking EV management with BESS integration. Date 2020/07/01 Language English Short Title Preparing Distribution Utilities for Utility-Scale Storage and Electric Vehicles Library Catalog www.osti.gov URL https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1659823 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:15:27 AM Extra DOI: 10.2172/1659823 Report Number NREL/TP-5D00-75973 Institution National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States) Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:15:27 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:15:27 AM Attachments
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Blockchain smart contract reference framework and program logic architecture for transactive energy systems
Item Type Journal Article Author Sri Nikhil Gupta Gourisetti Author D. Jonathan Sebastian-Cardenas Author Bishnu Bhattarai Author Peng Wang Author Steve Widergren Author Mark Borkum Author Alysha Randall Abstract This paper proposes a reference framework for a transactive energy market based on distributed ledger technology such as blockchain. The framework design was based on the engineering requirements of a distribution-scale market, including participant needs, expected market transactions, and the cybersecurity constructs required to support a fair, secure, and efficient market operation. It leverages the existing blockchain attributes to provide clear value propositions that are applicable to transactive energy market applications. Those attributes are evaluated to not only facilitate the energy market mechanisms but also assist with the cybersecurity requirements, such as access control management (including identification, authentication, and authorization); data security and integrity; and resilience management (decentralization, scalability, and performance during faults). The validity of the proposed framework is demonstrated using a real-time, five-minute double-auction market. The results highlight the framework benefits and provide a strong validation of its applicability to blockchain-based transactive energy systems. The proposed design can help to support machine-to-machine transactions that can be directly integrated into complex grid operations, such as automated market bidding and self-sufficient, resilience-capable grids. Date 2021-12-15 Language en Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261921011831 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:14:05 AM Volume 304 Pages 117860 Publication Applied Energy DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117860 Journal Abbr Applied Energy ISSN 0306-2619 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:14:05 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:14:05 AM Tags:
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Reinforcement learning-driven local transactive energy market for distributed energy resources
Item Type Journal Article Author Steven Zhang Author Daniel May Author Mustafa Gül Author Petr Musilek Abstract Local energy markets are emerging as a tool for coordinating generation, storage, and consumption of energy from distributed resources. In combination with automation, they promise to provide an effective energy management framework that is fair and brings system-level savings. The cooperative–competitive nature of energy markets calls for multi-agent based automation with learning energy trading agents. However, depending on the dynamics of the agent–environment interaction, this approach may yield unintended behavior of market participants. Thus, the design of market mechanisms suitable for reinforcement learning agents must take into account this interplay. This article introduces autonomous local energy exchange (ALEX) as an experimental framework that combines multi-agent learning and double auction mechanism. Participants determine their internal price signals and make energy management decisions through market interactions, rather than relying on predetermined external price signals. The main contribution of this article is examination of compatibility between specific market elements and independent learning agents. Effects of different market properties are evaluated through simulation experiments, and the results are used for determine a suitable market design. The results show that market truthfulness maintains demand-response functionality, while weak budget balancing provides a strong reinforcement signal for the learning agents. The resulting agent behavior is compared with two baselines: net billing and time-of-use rates. The ALEX-based pricing is more responsive to fluctuations in the community net load compared to the time-of-use. The more accurate accounting of renewable energy usage reduced bills by a median 38.8% compared to net billing, confirming the ability to better facilitate demand response. Date 2022-05-01 Language en Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666546822000118 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:13:52 AM Volume 8 Pages 100150 Publication Energy and AI DOI 10.1016/j.egyai.2022.100150 Journal Abbr Energy and AI ISSN 2666-5468 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:13:53 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:13:53 AM Tags:
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Experiences in a Cyber-Physical Co-Simulation Testbed Development for a Smart-er Distribution Network
Item Type Conference Paper Author Raju Wagle Author Le Nam Hai Pham Author Gioacchino Tricarico Author Pawan Sharma Author Jose Luis Rueda Author Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt Abstract With the rise of the integration of renewable energy sources, the operating characteristics of existing electric power distribution systems are evolving and changing. As a result, the digitalisation of the distribution network is gaining attention for effective real-time monitoring and control. Cyber-Physical cosimulation is one of the options for implementing and testing novel concepts and ideas before actual implementation on the distribution network. Therefore, this paper presents some experiences on the cyber-physical testbed in the distribution network. Moreover, the methodology, possible challenges and mitigation techniques are also presented for a cyber-physical cosimulation testbed of optimal reactive power control in smarter distribution network (SDN). The cyber-physical co-simulation testbed is analysed using a Typhoon HIL 604 and OpenDSS on a CIGRE MV distribution. Date 2023-03 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2023 IEEE PES Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Middle East (ISGT Middle East) Conference Name 2023 IEEE PES Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Middle East (ISGT Middle East) DOI 10.1109/ISGTMiddleEast56437.2023.10078722 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:13:15 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:13:15 AM Tags:
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A Tool-Suite to Improve Reliability and Performance of Combined Transmission-Distribution Under High Solar Penetration
Item Type Report Author Karthikeyan Balasubramaniam Abstract The main motivating factor behind the work is to study the interaction between the transmission and the distribution system in more detail than currently possible. This is particularly important at high PV penetration levels. The developed toolkit allows capturing the coupling between the transmission and the distribution system (T&D) for steady-state and dynamic analysis, thereby furthering our understanding of how the T&D systems interact. One of the objectives of the work is to answer the question, “which analysis require T&D simulation”. To this end, the team held discussions with the utility advisory group (UAG) and identified use cases that are of most interest and studied them in detail. Based on the use cases the team was able to suggest whether the T&D analysis is a necessity for a particular study. The developed techniques, which are documented in detail through publications, are important additions to the literature in power system co-simulation. The publications and the open sourced tools (PFLOW and IGMS) that resulted from this project are highly valuable resources to the researchers in this area. Date 2019/08/26 Language English Library Catalog www.osti.gov URL https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1756570 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:11:59 AM Extra DOI: 10.2172/1756570 Report Number ANL-19/29 Institution Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States) Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:11:59 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:11:59 AM Attachments
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OCHRE: The Object-oriented, Controllable, High-resolution Residential Energy Model for Dynamic Integration Studies
Item Type Journal Article Author Michael Blonsky Author Jeff Maguire Author Killian McKenna Author Dylan Cutler Author Sivasathya Pradha Balamurugan Author Xin Jin Abstract Electrification and the growth of distributed energy resources (DERs), including flexible loads, are changing the energy landscape of electric distribution systems and creating new challenges and opportunities for electric utilities. Changes in demand profiles require improvements in distribution system load models, which have not historically accounted for device controllability or impacts on customer comfort. Although building modeling research has focused on these features, there is a need to incorporate them into distribution load models that include DERs and can be used to study grid-interactive buildings. In this paper, we present the Object-oriented, Controllable, High-resolution Residential Energy (OCHRE) model. OCHRE is a controllable thermal-electric residential energy model that captures building thermal dynamics, integrates grid-dependent electrical behavior, contains models for common DERs and end-use loads, and simulates at a time resolution down to 1 minute. It includes models for space heaters, air conditioners, water heaters, electric vehicles, photovoltaics, and batteries that are externally controllable and integrated in a co-simulation framework. Using a proposed zero energy ready community in Colorado, we co-simulate a distribution grid and 498 all-electric homes with a diverse set of efficiency levels and equipment properties. We show that controllable devices can reduce peak demand within a neighborhood by up to 73% during a critical peak period without sacrificing occupant comfort. We also demonstrate the importance of modeling load diversity at a high time resolution when quantifying power and voltage fluctuations across a distribution system. Date 2021-05-15 Language en Short Title OCHRE Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261921002464 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:10:30 AM Volume 290 Pages 116732 Publication Applied Energy DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116732 Journal Abbr Applied Energy ISSN 0306-2619 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:10:30 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:10:30 AM Tags:
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Challenges and Opportunities of Integrating Electric Vehicles in Electricity Distribution Systems
Item Type Journal Article Author Nadia Panossian Author Matteo Muratori Author Bryan Palmintier Author Andrew Meintz Author Timothy Lipman Author Keith Moffat Abstract Increased charging needs from widespread adoption of battery electric vehicles (EVs) will impact electricity demand. This will likely require a combination of potentially costly distribution infrastructure upgrades and synergistic grid-transportation solutions such as managed charging and strategic charger placement. Fully implementing such strategic planning and control methods—including business models and mechanisms to engage and compensate consumers—can minimize or even eliminate required grid upgrades. Moreover, there are also opportunities for EV charging to support the grid by helping solve existing and emerging distribution system challenges associated with increasing distributed energy resources (DERs) such as solar generation and battery energy storage. This paper reviews the potential impacts of EV charging on electricity distribution systems and describes methods from the literature to efficiently integrate EVs into distribution systems. Date 2022-06-01 Language en Library Catalog Springer Link URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s40518-022-00201-2 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:10:02 AM Volume 9 Pages 27-40 Publication Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports DOI 10.1007/s40518-022-00201-2 Issue 2 Journal Abbr Curr Sustainable Renewable Energy Rep ISSN 2196-3010 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:10:02 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:10:02 AM Tags:
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Detection of Falsified Commands on a DER Management System
Item Type Journal Article Author Akshay Kumar Jain Author Nitasha Sahani Author Chen-Ching Liu Abstract Distributed energy resource management systems (DERMS) are increasingly deployed to manage potential adverse impacts of DERs on distribution feeder voltages. However, communication channels used by DERMS controllers, along with the unmanned substations where they are deployed, provide a target for cyber attackers to cause severe voltage disturbances. The voltage problems can damage equipment, trip inverters, and cause undesirable operations of voltage regulating devices. In this paper, using detailed cyber-physical models, the various cyberattack paths an adversary may use to conduct falsified control command cyberattacks are presented. Robust and fast acting centralized cyber layer and de-centralized inverter intrusion detection are also proposed. This two-tiered system can detect and mitigate these cyberattacks before the power system layer is impacted, even if the DERMS controller itself has been compromised. The cyberattack models and proposed intrusion detection techniques have been validated using IEEE test feeders. Date 2022-03 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Volume 13 Pages 1322-1334 Publication IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid DOI 10.1109/TSG.2021.3132848 Issue 2 ISSN 1949-3061 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:09:25 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:09:25 AM Tags:
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Toward a subhourly net zero energy district design through integrated building and distribution system modeling
Item Type Journal Article Author Kate Doubleday Author Andrew Parker Author Faeza Hafiz Author Benjamin Irwin Author Samuel Hancock Author Shanti Pless Author Bri-Mathias Hodge Abstract A modeling framework integrating both building energy modeling and power system modeling is introduced for the design of net zero energy (NZE) districts for the simultaneous selection of both demand-side efficiency measures and supply-side generation technologies. A novel district control scheme is proposed for pursuing NZE on a subhourly basis while mitigating potential grid impacts such as power backfeeding and voltage violations. As a case study, Peña Station NEXT, a new 100-building, mixed-use district on a 1200-node distribution feeder in Denver, Colorado, is modeled in the integrated framework. An exhaustive scenario analysis is conducted for sizing the district's distributed energy resources, considering multiple objectives such as capital cost, net energy import, and equipment violations. When trying to achieve annual NZE, the district incurs frequent operating violations, and achieving NZE on a 15-min basis is also limited by seasonal fluctuations in photovoltaic output, illustrating the need for diverse generation or seasonal storage. As a practical compromise, both annual and 15-min district import can be reduced by ∼78% without significant violations. Date 2019-05 Library Catalog aip.scitation.org (Atypon) URL https://aip.scitation.org/doi/full/10.1063/1.5093917 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:07:26 AM Extra Publisher: American Institute of Physics Volume 11 Pages 036301 Publication Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy DOI 10.1063/1.5093917 Issue 3 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:07:26 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:07:26 AM Attachments
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Advanced Inverter Voltage Controls: Simulation and Field Pilot Findings
Item Type Report Author Julieta I. Giraldez Miner Author Anderson F. Hoke Author Peter Gotseff Author Nicholas D. Wunder Author Michael Emmanuel Author Aadil Latif Author Earle Ifuku Author Marc Asano Author Thomas Aukai Author Reid Sasaki Author Michael Blonsky Abstract This report describes work performed by the Hawaiian Electric Companies and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to model and simulate advanced inverter grid-support functions and to validate and expand on those simulations through a field pilot study. This work builds on earlier research, referred to as the Voltage Regulation Operational Strategies study. The objective of both is to investigate functionalities available in most photovoltaic (PV) inverters to modulate active and reactive power autonomously based on local voltage measurements for the purpose of mitigating off-nominal grid voltage conditions. Specifically of interest are volt/volt-ampere reactive (VAR) control and volt/watt control, the effect of those functions on quasi-steady-state feeder voltages, and the impact of the functions on PV energy production. Because volt/VAR and volt/watt control autonomously adjust inverter output based on local conditions without requiring communication with any other devices, they are good candidates to increase PV hosting capacity when it is limited by voltage constraints in a feeder with very large numbers of PV systems. Date 2018/10/31 Language English Short Title Advanced Inverter Voltage Controls Library Catalog www.osti.gov URL https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1481102 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:10:48 AM Extra DOI: 10.2172/1481102 Report Number NREL/TP-5D00-72298 Institution National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States) Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:06:45 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:45:43 AM Attachments
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A benchmark model for low voltage distribution networks with PV systems and smart inverter control techniques
Item Type Journal Article Author Ibrahim Anwar Ibrahim Author M. J. Hossain Abstract Unbalanced three-phase low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs) modeling, optimization, and control are essential for enabling high photovoltaic (PV) penetration levels. Accordingly, a new case study is developed to show the gaps and challenges at different PV penetration levels in LVDNs. In this case study, the aim is to provide a better understanding of LVDNs’ behavior in order to support the development and validation of the models and tools. Therefore, a reduction model is proposed to decrease the simulation time by lowering the number of buses in the IEEE European LV Test Feeder, with a negligible error. In addition, an OpenDSS-Julia interface is developed to demonstrate the effects of different PV penetration levels on the inverters’ behavior, active power curtailment, and voltage level in LVDNs. Results are demonstrated concerning several limitations and challenges in using existing smart inverter control techniques, in terms of the inverters’ behavior, active power curtailment, and the voltage level. These limitations and challenges include over-voltage issues using the constant power factor technique, high active power curtailment using the volt–watt technique, and high current flows in the network assets and poor power factors using the volt–var technique. In addition, state-of-the-art system models have not taken-into-account the modeling of uncertainty effects on the performance of PV modules. Similarly, such models have largely ignored the internal and standby losses in the inverter models. These neglected issues may lead to under- or over-estimation of the impacts of PV systems on LVDNs and inaccurate estimations of the network’s ability to accommodate high PV penetration levels. Date 2022-09-01 Language en Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032122004671 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:06:14 AM Volume 166 Pages 112571 Publication Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112571 Journal Abbr Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ISSN 1364-0321 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:06:14 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:06:14 AM Tags:
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Optimalna alokacija baterijskih spremišta energije u distributivnim mrežama s distribuiranom proizvodnjom
Item Type Thesis Author Matija Kereta Abstract The paper describes the process of optimizing a battery energy storage in a asymmetric distribution network with two uncontrolled distribution energy sources using two programs, OpenDSS and Python. Python was used for optimization, while OpenDSS was used to create a virtual distribution network and as a tool for calculating. In Python, differential evolution was used, an evolutionary strategy with an objective to find global minimum. The function whose global minimum was sought after were total system losses over a period of one day with invervals of one hour. Lower losses in network were achieved, but a more significant result was achieved in the form of more efficient distribution network, considering that the voltage profile of that network was within the limits of set norm. Date 2021/05/28 Language hr Library Catalog repozitorij.unios.hr URL https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:200:851425 Accessed 4/5/2023, 3:04:24 AM Type info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis University Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek. Department of Electromechanical Engineering. Chair of Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering and Measurements Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:04:24 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:04:24 AM Attachments
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Iterative Linearization for Phasor-Defined Optimal Power Dispatch
Item Type Conference Paper Author Kyle Brady Author Alexandra von Meier Abstract Optimal power flow (OPF) problems, which dispatch power targets to controllable generating units across a network, must generally account for non-convex constraints on power flow. Adapting those problems so as to make them solvable with convex optimization techniques is an area of much academic and operational interest. In this paper, we present a method for solving OPF as a quadratic program by iteratively refining and re-initializing a linearized model of power flow based on the outputs of an associated nonlinear solver. The linear model on which we demonstrate this method is an adapted version of an approximation designed for use with unbalanced distribution networks. As an important benefit, the model allows for the explicit inclusion of nodal voltage phasor values in both the OPF problem's objective and its constraints, which opens the door to the idea of phasor-based control (PBC) design. We show in simulations on the IEEE 13-node test feeder that our method quickly converges to a set of phasor targets that are sufficiently precise for use in operations at the distribution level. Date 2021-04 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 1-6 Proceedings Title 2020 52nd North American Power Symposium (NAPS) Conference Name 2020 52nd North American Power Symposium (NAPS) DOI 10.1109/NAPS50074.2021.9449737 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:03:15 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:03:15 AM Tags:
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Coordinated Inverter Control to Increase Dynamic PV Hosting Capacity: A Real-Time Optimal Power Flow Approach
Item Type Journal Article Author Yiyun Yao Author Fei Ding Author Kelsey Horowitz Author Akshay Jain Abstract High penetrations of distributed photovoltaics (PV) could cause adverse grid impacts, such as voltage violations. The recent development in inverter technologies provides the opportunity to develop control systems to realize effective PV governance, and thus, to improve dynamic PV hosting capacity for distribution grids. In this article, a novel distributed energy resource management system (DERMS) solution is proposed by adopting the real-time optimal power flow approach for coordinated control of the distributed PV inverters. The proposed approach eliminates the dependence on load knowledge via measurement feedback correction, and it can be implemented in real time. One challenge is that the technique is sensitive to the data availability and integrity of voltage measurements. Therefore, a decentralized DERMS approach is developed by leveraging the concepts of state estimation. The framework and the effectiveness of the solution approach are numerically demonstrated on a real distribution feeder in Southern California. Date 2022-06 Short Title Coordinated Inverter Control to Increase Dynamic PV Hosting Capacity Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Systems Journal Volume 16 Pages 1933-1944 Publication IEEE Systems Journal DOI 10.1109/JSYST.2021.3071998 Issue 2 ISSN 1937-9234 Date Added 4/5/2023, 3:00:56 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 3:00:56 AM Tags:
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Use of Operating Agreements and Energy Storage to Reduce Photovoltaic Interconnection Costs: Technical and Economic Analysis
Item Type Report Author Joyce McLaren Author Sherin Abraham Author Naim Darghouth Author Sydney Forrester Abstract This report presents an analytical methodology to identify alternative options to manage interconnection costs and streamline interconnection timelines for distribution system-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems not co-located with load. Specifically, the report details the methodology and results of an analysis that: 1. Identifies potential grid violations that would be induced by a PV system requesting interconnection to a distribution circuit; 2. Identifies multiple technically viable options for mitigating the potential violations, including infrastructure upgrades, downsizing the PV system size, curtailment of PV, and addition of battery energy storage; 3. Defines the required technical operating parameters of the system in order to mitigate all potential violations (the "Operating Envelope"); 4. Compares the economics of each option, from the PV developer's perspective. The analysis supports the ongoing evolution of interconnection standards for combined PV and energy storage systems by providing a methodology to define allowable maximum export limits during each hour. The methodology presented could be used by utilities as part of the interconnection study process, to inform negotiations with DER developers and the drafting of mutually acceptable interconnection agreements. The resulting technical operating parameters could be included as part of the interconnection service agreement (ISA) between the system owner and the utility company. The companion report to this analysis, Gill et al. (2022), details the envisioned framework for the implementation of the technical operating parameters. Date 2022/03/04 Language English Short Title Use of Operating Agreements and Energy Storage to Reduce Photovoltaic Interconnection Costs Library Catalog www.osti.gov URL https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1854327 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:59:55 AM Extra DOI: 10.2172/1854327 Report Number NREL/TP-7A40-80556 Institution National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States) Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:59:55 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:59:55 AM Attachments
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Linear Quadratic Phasor Control of Unbalanced Distribution Networks
Item Type Conference Paper Author Keith Moffat Author Alexandra von Meier Abstract This paper investigates the feedback control challenge of tracking a voltage phasor target at a given node on an unbalanced three phase distribution network. We derive a quasi-steady state system model, modeling the progression of phasors as a martingale and describing the input sensitivity with the linearization of the unbalanced three phase power flow manifold for the Thevenin equivalent circuit. We establish the convexity of the stable linear feedback matrix region, and investigate the stability of Single Input Single Output Phasor Control (SISOPC) with gains chosen based on the reactance of the Thevenin equivalent circuit. To improve upon SISOPC, we propose the Linear Quadratic Phasor Controller (LQPC), which generates a multiple input multiple output linear feedback matrix which takes into account both the network resistance and the mutual impedances that couple the unbalanced three phase injections. We demonstrate the performance of the LQPC using OpenDSS simulations on an unbalanced three phase distribution network, demonstrating the effectiveness of the LQPC. Date 2021-06 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 1-6 Proceedings Title 2021 IEEE Madrid PowerTech Conference Name 2021 IEEE Madrid PowerTech DOI 10.1109/PowerTech46648.2021.9494835 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:59:24 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:59:24 AM Tags:
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Solving dynamic distribution network reconfiguration using deep reinforcement learning
Item Type Presentation Presenter Ognjen B. Kundačina Presenter Predrag M. Vidović Presenter Milan R. Petković Abstract Distribution network reconfiguration, as a part of the distribution management system, plays an important role in increasing the energy efficiency of the distribution network by coordinating the operations of the switches in the distribution network. Dynamic distribution network reconfiguration (DDNR), enabled by the sufficient number of remote switching devices in the distribution network, attempts to find the optimal topologies of the distribution network over the specified time interval. This paper proposes data-driven DDNR based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). DRL-based DDNR controller aims to minimize the objective function, i.e. active energy losses and the cost of switching manipulations while satisfying the constraints. The following constraints are considered: allowed bus voltages, allowed line apparent powers, a radial network configuration with all buses being supplied, and the maximal allowed number of switching operations. This optimization problem is modelled as a Markov decision process by defining the possible states and actions of the DDNR agent (controller) and rewards that lead the agent to minimize the objective function while satisfying the constraints. Switching operation constraints are modelled by modifying the action space definition instead of including the additional penalty term in the reward function, to increase the computational efficiency. The proposed algorithm was tested on three test examples: small benchmark network, real-life large-scale test system and IEEE 33-bus radial system, and the results confirmed the robustness and scalability of the proposed algorithm. Date 2022-06-01 Language en URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-021-01399-y Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:57:51 AM Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:57:51 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:58:05 AM Tags:
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Advanced Inverters: (1547) Capabilities, Experiences, and Interaction with HostingCapacity
Item Type Journal Article Author Bryan Palmintier Language en Library Catalog Zotero URL https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/73449.pdf Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:56:57 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 8:47:18 AM Attachments
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Dynamic hosting capacity analysis for distributed photovoltaic resources—Framework and case study
Item Type Journal Article Author Akshay Kumar Jain Author Kelsey Horowitz Author Fei Ding Author Kwami Senam Sedzro Author Bryan Palmintier Author Barry Mather Author Himanshu Jain Abstract Distributed photovoltaic systems can cause adverse distribution system impacts, including voltage violations at customer locations and thermal overload of lines, transformers, and other equipment resulting from high current. The installed capacity at which violations first occur and above which would require system upgrades is called the hosting capacity. Current static methods for determining hosting capacity tend to either consider infrequent worst-case snapshots in time and/or capture coarse time and spatial resolution. Because the duration of violations cannot be captured with these traditional methods, the metric thresholds used in these studies conservatively use the strictest constraints given in operating standards, even though both worse voltage performance and higher overloads may be temporarily acceptable. However, assessing the full details requires accurately capturing time-dependence, voltage-regulating equipment operations, and performance of advanced controls-based mitigation techniques. In this paper, we propose a dynamic distributed photovoltaic hosting capacity methodology to address these issues by conducting power flow analysis for a full year. A key contribution is the formulation of time aware metrics to take these annual results and identify the hosting capacity. Through a case study, we show that this approach can more fully capture grid impacts of distributed photovoltaic than traditional methods and the dynamic hosting capacity was 60%–200% higher than the static hosting capacity in this case study. Date 2020-12-15 Language en Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920311351 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:55:21 AM Volume 280 Pages 115633 Publication Applied Energy DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115633 Journal Abbr Applied Energy ISSN 0306-2619 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:55:21 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:55:21 AM Tags:
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Reinforcement Learning for Volt- Var Control: A Novel Two-stage Progressive Training Strategy
Item Type Conference Paper Author Si Zhang Author Mingzhi Zhang Author Rongxing Hu Author David Lubkeman Author Yunan Liu Author Ning Lu Abstract This paper develops a reinforcement learning (RL) approach to solve a cooperative, multi-agent Volt-Var Control (VVC) problem for high solar penetration distribution systems. The ingenuity of our RL method lies in a novel two-stage progressive training strategy that can effectively improve training speed and convergence of the machine learning algorithm. In Stage 1 (individual training), while holding all the other agents inactive, we separately train each agent to obtain its own optimal VVC actions in the action space: consume, generate, do-nothing. In Stage 2 (cooperative training), all agents are trained again coordinately to share VVC responsibility. Rewards and costs in our RL scheme include (i) a system-level reward (for taking an action), (ii) an agent-level reward (for doing-nothing), and (iii) an agent-level action cost function. This new framework allows rewards to be dynamically allocated to each agent based on their contribution while accounting for the trade-off between control effectiveness and action cost. The proposed methodology is tested and validated in a modified IEEE 123-bus system using realistic PV and load profiles. Simulation results confirm that the proposed approach is robust, and computationally efficient and achieves desirable volt-var control performance under a wide range of operation conditions. Date 2022-07 Short Title Reinforcement Learning for Volt- Var Control Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra ISSN: 1944-9933 Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) Conference Name 2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) DOI 10.1109/PESGM48719.2022.9916659 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:54:27 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:54:27 AM Tags:
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Zero Export Feeder Through Transactive Markets
Item Type Report Author Sivasathya Pradha Balamurugan Author Dylan Cutler Author Ted Kwasnik Author Tarek Elgindy Author Prateek Munankarmi Author Jeff Maguire Author Michael Blonsky Author Shibani Ghosh Author Rohit Chintala Author Dane Christensen Abstract This project is aimed at creating a transactive energy market to address the challenges faced by utility providers when increasing distributed energy resource (DER) adoption in their service area. One major challenge is mitigating export back to the grid during times of excess production. The transactive energy market operates at the distribution level and balances the supply and demand on the feeder, thus maintaining a zero-energy export at the primary feeder head. The market participants in this case are the residential customers on the feeder, who bid into the market. Building controls are then optimized based on the settled price. Market performance was demonstrated in this study by simulating different levels of DER penetration on a selected Pepco feeder. The feeder successfully achieved a zero export while providing cost-effective electricity to the participants, demonstrating that this market design can enable high DER penetration on existing feeders. Date 2022/05/01 Language English Library Catalog www.osti.gov URL https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1871008 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:49:37 AM Extra DOI: 10.2172/1871008 Report Number NREL/TP-5500-78673 Institution National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States) Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:49:37 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:49:37 AM Attachments
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Co-simulation applied to power systems with high penetration of distributed energy resources
Item Type Journal Article Author Igor Borges de Oliveira Chagas Author Marcelo Aroca Tomim Abstract Although co-simulation in power systems has not been widely explored yet, it has been shown to be a powerful tool for dynamic studies, especially with the growth of the insertion of distributed energy resources in electrical networks. In this work, a form of co-simulation based on fictitious transmission lines was proposed. Results show that the co-simulation scenarios coherently reproduce results of a complete system using two co-simulation packages. Computational timings are also reduced. Co-simulation interfacing OpenModelica-generated code and OpenDSS is also discussed. Date 2022-11-01 Language en Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378779622005508 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:49:09 AM Volume 212 Pages 108413 Publication Electric Power Systems Research DOI 10.1016/j.epsr.2022.108413 Journal Abbr Electric Power Systems Research ISSN 0378-7796 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:49:09 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:49:09 AM Tags:
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Uncontrolled Electric Vehicle Charging Impacts on Distribution Electric Power Systems with Primarily Residential, Commercial or Industrial Loads
Item Type Journal Article Author C. Birk Jones Author Matthew Lave Author William Vining Author Brooke Marshall Garcia Abstract An increase in Electric Vehicles (EV) will result in higher demands on the distribution electric power systems (EPS) which may result in thermal line overloading and low voltage violations. To understand the impact, this work simulates two EV charging scenarios (home- and work-dominant) under potential 2030 EV adoption levels on 10 actual distribution feeders that support residential, commercial, and industrial loads. The simulations include actual driving patterns of existing (non-EV) vehicles taken from global positioning system (GPS) data. The GPS driving behaviors, which explain the spatial and temporal EV charging demands, provide information on each vehicles travel distance, dwell locations, and dwell durations. Then, the EPS simulations incorporate the EV charging demands to calculate the power flow across the feeder. Simulation results show that voltage impacts are modest (less than 0.01 p.u.), likely due to robust feeder designs and the models only represent the high-voltage (“primary”) system components. Line loading impacts are more noticeable, with a maximum increase of about 15%. Additionally, the feeder peak load times experience a slight shift for residential and mixed feeders (≈1 h), not at all for the industrial, and 8 h for the commercial feeder. Date 2021/1 Language en Library Catalog www.mdpi.com URL https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/6/1688 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:48:35 AM Rights http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Extra Number: 6 Publisher: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Volume 14 Pages 1688 Publication Energies DOI 10.3390/en14061688 Issue 6 ISSN 1996-1073 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:48:35 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:48:35 AM Tags:
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An Inclusive Model for a Practical Low-Voltage Feeder with Explicit Multi-Grounded Neutral Wire
Item Type Conference Paper Author Ching Hong Tam Author Frederik Geth Author Mithulananthan Nadarajah Abstract With increasing penetration of distributed energy resources in the distribution network, voltage levels become a concern. However, power flow models for these networks are rare due to the complexity to collect and manage large amounts of feeder data in a way that suits engineering analysis. Unfortunately, even the network model exists, the quality of data may not be high enough for power flow analysis. In this paper, a comprehensive 4-wire low-voltage network is built, starting from reliable topology and approximate sequence impedances, and simulation results are compared to the uncleaned data and a simplified 3-wire representation. Power flow with photovoltaic penetration is also carried out. Results indicate that the improved network data has a higher occurrence of undervoltage situations. Using a 4-wire network with neutral wire can more accurately reflect the influence of neutral-to-ground voltage, even in the presence of frequent grounding. Both undervoltage and overvoltage deteriorate with PV penetration due to neutral voltage fluctuation. Date 2022-12 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2022 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference (iSPEC) Conference Name 2022 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference (iSPEC) DOI 10.1109/iSPEC54162.2022.10033019 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:47:59 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:47:59 AM Tags:
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Association Rule Mining for Localizing Solar Power in Different Distribution Grid Feeders
Item Type Journal Article Author Bilal Saleem Author Yang Weng Author Frank M. Gonzales Abstract The increase in the photovoltaic generation on distribution grids may create problems, such as voltage-violations. To gain situational awareness for system operation, e.g., adjusting the tap-settings of the transformers or adjust capacitor banks, utilities need situational awareness about locations and amounts of photovoltaic powers being generated in different feeders. Unfortunately, many utilities not only lack observability of the distribution grid, e.g., no secondary grid schematics but also have no situational awareness on which feeders solar panels locate. To understand where the solar users are roughly, we propose to use the feeder measurements from utilities with solar panel measurements from third-party solar companies. Due to the property of active correlation detection, we propose several sequentially improved methods based on quantitative association rule mining (QARM), where we also provide a lower bound for performance guarantees based on the amount of available data and the size of the bin for clustering. However, the binning of data leads to information loss. So, we design a band to replace bin for creating a new data mining approach for robustness. We validate our result for the IEEE 4-, 8-, 123-, 8500-bus cases with the Pecan-Street dataset, and also for the IEEE 123-bus case under low/high penetration and with radial/weakly meshed configurations. For realistic validation, we also obtain real data from a utility and a solar power company in the same zip codes in a city of California. Numerical results show accurate associations of feeders and solar panels, leading to increased situational awareness of the secondary distribution grids. Date 2021-05 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid Volume 12 Pages 2589-2600 Publication IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid DOI 10.1109/TSG.2020.3037756 Issue 3 ISSN 1949-3061 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:46:54 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:46:54 AM Tags:
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Smart Electric Vehicle Charging for a Reliable and Resilient Grid (RECHARGE)
Item Type Report Author Kevin A. Walkowicz Author Matt Lave Author Don Scofield Abstract This presentation discusses a project to determine how plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) charging at scale in two cities should be managed to avoid negative grid impacts. It also will allow critical strategies and technologies to be developed, and will increase the value for PEV owners, building managers, charge network operators, grid services aggregators, and utilities. Date 2019/06/17 Language English Library Catalog www.osti.gov URL https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1528854 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:45:52 AM Report Number NREL/PR-5400-73712 Institution National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States) Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:45:52 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:45:52 AM Attachments
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Grid-ViDS: A Smart Grid Co-Simulation Platform for Virtual Device Simulation
Item Type Conference Paper Author D. Jonathan Sebastian-Cardenas Author Hussain M. Mustafa Author Adam Hahn Author Anurag Srivastava Abstract In this work, we present a generic co-simulation platform that allows researchers to evaluate and test the effects of communication networks within distribution systems to support analyzing cyber-resilience. The developed set of tools seeks to simplify the exchange of electrical data with external controllers/systems while at the same time offering the ability to evaluate the effects of different communication network architectures and/or events. The proposed solution is built around OpenDSS and Mininet using a python-based wrapper, potentially enabling the integration of third-party libraries with ease. To demonstrate this concept, the paper presents a Modbus-based DER control platform that has been coupled to the IEEE 13 bus system; a cyber-physical system that could be used to assess the cyber-resilience of different volt-var control strategies. Our paper specifically focuses on highlighting the effort-saving features that could be of interest to researchers and developers, potentially reducing the number of resources needed to build such systems from scratch. Finally, this paper represents the first public release of our tool. Date 2022-09 Short Title Grid-ViDS Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 1-6 Proceedings Title 2022 Resilience Week (RWS) Conference Name 2022 Resilience Week (RWS) DOI 10.1109/RWS55399.2022.9984028 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:44:15 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:44:15 AM Tags:
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Desenvolvimento de uma Ferramenta Computacional para Aplicação num Estudo de Qualidade da Energia Elétrica Associada a Geração Solar Fotovoltaica
Item Type Journal Article Author Sandy Aquino dos Santos Author Matheus Neves Carvalho Author Daniel Barbosa Author Renato José Pino de Araújo Author Kleber Freire da Silva Abstract O estudo de novas fontes de geração de energia elétrica, em especial, aquelas que atendam as novas exigências ambientais e sustentáveis é essencial, uma vez que a energia elétrica é fundamental para o desenvolvimento econômico e social. Nesse contexto, a inserção de sistemas fotovoltaicos na rede de distribuição se destaca já que não requer a instalação de grandes subestações ou longas linhas de transmissão. Contudo, devido a sua característica operacional intermitente, é necessário que haja um monitoramento constante da qualidade da energia elétrica para garantir a continuidade e a confiabilidade da energia elétrica nos parâmetros operacionais estabelecidos. Este trabalho propôs demonstrar a construção de uma interface gráfica em python em conjunto com o \textit{software} OpenDSS que contribua futuramente para analises de impacto dos sistemas solares fotovoltaicos na qualidade da energia elétrica, sobretudo tensão de regime permanente. Como prévia realizou-se um estudo simples de caráter demonstrativo de sua potencialidade. Date 2020 Language en Library Catalog www.sba.org.br URL https://www.sba.org.br/open_journal_systems/index.php/sbse/article/view/2343 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:40:51 AM Rights Copyright (c) 2021 Anais do Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Elétricos Extra Number: 1 Volume 1 Publication Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Elétricos - SBSE DOI 10.48011/sbse.v1i1.2343 Issue 1 ISSN 2177-6164 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:40:51 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:40:51 AM Tags:
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Reliable and resilient future grid through T&D co-simulation and improved distribution systems protection using traveling-wave relays
Item Type Journal Article Author Yaswanth Nag Velaga Abstract Over the past century, US electric grid has evolved into an extremely complex and large interconnected grid identified by the National Academy of Engineers (NAE) as the greatest engineering achievement of the century. During that period, the overwhelming accepted principle was “larger or bigger the better”. The AC transmission voltage went up to 765 kV and the individual generating units were in excess of 1,000 MW. This centralized generation model was considered to be efficient and reliable way to operate the grid. This grid continued to serve the nation well. It, however, faced serious challenges with the demands of the 21st century that will require high penetration of renewable energy, environmental impact of large power plants, global warming and climate change, carbon emission and global energy sustainability. New approach had to be taken to adopt the new regulatory policies. Emerging trends such as low-cost natural gas, increased deployment of renewable energy technologies in distribution, and continued evolution of electricity markets are transforming the ways to generate and deliver electricity. Other factors such as environmental policies to reduce the carbon footprint, maximize the energy efficiency by utilizing the distributed based renewable energy generation also influence the future grid structure. Aging infrastructure combined with the growth and the evolving de-centralized model will have significant impact on the future grid’s ability to provide the electricity more efficiently, reliably, with higher resiliency. This dissertation is divided into two parts: (1) to achieve greater resiliency, it proposes an integrated T\&D co-simulation framework that considers the effects of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) in the distribution. (2) to achieve greater reliability, improved system protection is needed at the distribution level that considers the DER affect such as two-way power flow, low fault currents, etc. This dissertation proposes and analyzes the travelling-wave (TW) based protection at the distribution level. Integrated T\&D framework and the TW based protection improves the grid to be more reliable and resilient. Date 2020 Language eng Library Catalog repository.mines.edu URL https://repository.mines.edu/handle/11124/174148 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:38:25 AM Extra Accepted: 2020-06-07T10:15:02Z Artwork Medium: born digital Interview Medium: born digital Publisher: Colorado School of Mines. Arthur Lakes Library Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:38:25 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:38:26 AM Attachments
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A testbed for modelling Active Distribution Systems using Cyber-Physical Co-simulation
Item Type Conference Paper Author Raju Wagle Author Gioacchino Tricarico Author Pawan Sharma Author Charu Sharma Author Jose Luis Rueda Author Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt Abstract With the rise of integration of renewable energy sources, existing electric power distribution networks are facing a variety of technical obstacles, one of which is modelling of the distribution networks for real-time network monitoring and control. This research designs and analyzes a novel cyber-physical test system for real-time reactive power compensation from smart inverters in the active distribution network using cyber-physical co-simulation between the Typhoon HIL and OpenDSS. The testbed is a two-layer system, with a physical and cybernetic layer. The physical layer is represented by Typhoon HIL 604 and the cybernetic layer is represented by software from Typhoon HIL, OpenDSS, and Python. The cybernetic layer is used to model, design, and control the reactive power from the smart inverter in real-time. The distribution network considered is a CIGRE MV distribution network. Real-time simulation results demonstrate the applicability of the proposed test platform in real-time reactive power control. Date 2022-12 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 454-459 Proceedings Title 2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC) Conference Name 2022 22nd National Power Systems Conference (NPSC) DOI 10.1109/NPSC57038.2022.10069120 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:36:14 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:36:14 AM Tags:
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Cyber-Physical Event Emulation-Based Transmission-and-Distribution Co-simulation for Situational Awareness of Grid Anomalies (SAGA)
Item Type Conference Paper Author Xin Fang Author Mengmeng Cai Author Anthony Florita Abstract Energy management of transmission and distribution networks (T&D) is becoming more challenging with the accelerated adoption of distributed energy resources (DERs)-such as distributed photovoltaic generation and battery energy storage systems (BESS)-on the electric grid. To better analyze the impacts of DERs on both transmission and distribution systems, a comprehensive T&D co-simulation platform is developed. Further, with DERs more actively participating in system operation-e.g., by providing real-time grid services-their cyber vulnerability needs to be better understood to maintain system reliability. This paper discusses a cyber-physical events emulation-based T&D co-simulation platform to perform comprehensive cyber events emulations, physical simulation, and analysis of interdependent impacts. Results from the case studies-which show how cyber events on a synthetic distribution network can impact operations on the transmission and distribution network-validate that the proposed T&D cosimulation platform can perform cyber-physical events emulation and produce response in near realtime; therefore, with extensive simulation using the proposed co-simulation platform, the system operators can accumulate adequate training data for system situational awareness of grid anomalies. Date 2021-07 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra ISSN: 1944-9933 Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2021 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) Conference Name 2021 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) DOI 10.1109/PESGM46819.2021.9637866 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:34:59 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:34:59 AM Tags:
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Cyber-Physical Co-Simulation Testbed for Real-Time Reactive Power Control in Smart Distribution Network
Item Type Conference Paper Author Raju Wagle Author Gioacchino Tricarico Author Pawan Sharma Author Charu Sharma Author Jose Luis Rueda Author Francisco Gonzalez-Lonzatt Abstract Existing electric power distribution systems are evolving and changing as a result of the high renewable energy sources integration. Hence, future smart distribution networks will involve various technical challenges; one of them is real-time monitoring and controlling the network to operate it effectively and efficiently. This paper develops and analyzes a cyber-physical co-simulation testbed for real-time reactive power control in the smart distribution network. The testbed is a two-layer system, with Typhoon HIL 604 representing the physical layer and the other layer as a cybernetic layer. The cybernetic layer is used to model a test system and control reactive power from smart inverters in real-time. The implementation of real-time reactive power control of smart inverters on a CIGRE MV distribution network is shown in this study. The proposed testbed's usefulness in real-time reactive power control is demonstrated through simulation results. Date 2022-11 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra ISSN: 2378-8542 Pages 11-15 Proceedings Title 2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) Conference Name 2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Asia (ISGT Asia) DOI 10.1109/ISGTAsia54193.2022.10003553 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:33:55 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:33:55 AM Tags:
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Experiences developing large-scale synthetic U.S.-style distribution test systems
Item Type Journal Article Author Bryan Palmintier Author Tarek Elgindy Author Carlos Mateo Author Fernando Postigo Author Tomás Gómez Author Fernando de Cuadra Author Pablo Duenas Martinez Abstract This paper describes computational, data management, and other experiences developing large-scale, realistic‑but-not-real U.S.-style distribution test systems for the Smart-DS project. These test systems cover entire metropolitan areas and include everything from low-voltage secondaries to sub-transmission for hundreds or thousands of feeders making them as much as three orders of magnitude larger than existing single feeder test systems. Lessons learned with automation and data handling are shared to aid data set users and synthetic test grid creators. Date 2021-01-01 Language en Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378779620304685 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:29:11 AM Volume 190 Pages 106665 Publication Electric Power Systems Research DOI 10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106665 Journal Abbr Electric Power Systems Research ISSN 0378-7796 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:29:11 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:29:11 AM Tags:
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Modelagem de um sistema de distribuição real desbalanceado e análise do impacto da geração distribuída utilizando o software OpenDSS
Item Type Journal Article Author Vinicius Borges Andrade Author Ulisses C. Paixão Jr Author Carlos E. Moreira Author Thiago M. Soares Author Jonathan M. Tabora Author Maria Emília de L. Tostes Author Ubiratan H. Bezerra Author Bruno S. Albuquerque Author Luciano Da S. Gouveia Abstract O presente trabalho utiliza o software OpenDSS para modelar uma rede elétrica de distribuição, capaz de simular o comportamento da rede elétrica e os impactos na qualidade de energia elétrica de acordo com as diferentes topologias de transformadores, cargas e fontes de geração distribuída em que uma rede elétrica pode ser submetida. Como estudo de caso, o artigo utiliza dados reais da rede da Universidade Federal do Pará e a inserção de geradores solar fotovoltaicos em diferentes pontos da rede, como demonstração do impacto na redução da potência ativa, na elevação do nível de tensão e na redução de perdas elétricas de acordo com a inserção da geração distribuída (GD) na rede elétrica estudada. Date 2020 Language en Library Catalog www.sba.org.br URL https://www.sba.org.br/open_journal_systems/index.php/sbse/article/view/2208 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:28:28 AM Rights Copyright (c) 2021 Anais do Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Elétricos Extra Number: 1 Volume 1 Publication Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Elétricos - SBSE DOI 10.48011/sbse.v1i1.2208 Issue 1 ISSN 2177-6164 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:28:28 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:28:28 AM Tags:
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Beyond Hosting Capacity: Using Shortest-Path Methods to Minimize Upgrade Cost Pathways
Item Type Journal Article Author Nicolas Gensollen Author Kelsey Horowitz Author Bryan Palmintier Author Fei Ding Author Barry Mather Abstract This paper presents a graph-based forward looking algorithm applied to distribution planning in the context of distributed photovoltaic penetration. We study the target hosting capacity problem where the objective is to find the least-cost sequence of system upgrades to reach a predefined hosting capacity target value. We show that commonly used short-term cost minimization approaches often lead to suboptimal long-term solutions. By comparing our method against such myopic techniques on real distribution systems, we show that our algorithm is able to reduce the overall integration costs by looking at future decisions. Because hosting capacity is hard to compute, this problem requires efficient methods to search the space. We demonstrate that heuristics using domain-specific knowledge can be efficiently used to improve the algorithm performance, such that real distribution systems can be studied. Date 2019-07 Short Title Beyond Hosting Capacity Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra Conference Name: IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics Volume 9 Pages 1051-1056 Publication IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics DOI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2019.2904540 Issue 4 ISSN 2156-3403 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:27:04 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:27:04 AM Tags:
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Advancements in co-simulation techniques in combined transmission and distribution systems analysis
Item Type Journal Article Author Yaswanth Nag Velaga Author Gayathri Krishnamoorthy Author Anamika Dubey Author Aoxia Chen Author Pankaj K. Sen Abstract Common practice in transmission and distribution (T&D) systems analysis has been to treat them independently by decoupling those at the point of common coupling (PCC). With the large amount of distributed energy resources (DER) being added in distribution networks, the interactions between T&D systems at PCC produce unacceptable errors. This study discusses an alternate approach for the combined T&D systems analysis using co-simulation technique. The proposed framework couples the analysis of the two systems by iteratively exchanging the power flow variables at the PCC. The approach is implemented for an IEEE 9-bus transmission test system coupled with the IEEE 13-bus distribution test system and the analysis is validated against an equivalent stand-alone combined T&D system model. Date 2019 Language en Library Catalog Wiley Online Library URL https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1049/joe.2019.0003 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:26:32 AM Extra _eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1049/joe.2019.0003 Volume 2019 Pages 8432-8438 Publication The Journal of Engineering DOI 10.1049/joe.2019.0003 Issue 12 ISSN 2051-3305 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:26:32 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:26:32 AM Tags:
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Metodologia para restabelecimento parcialmente dinâmico de energia elétrica em sistemas de distribuição com possibilidade de operação ilhada de microrredes
Item Type Thesis Author Iochane Garcia Guimarães Abstract This study presents a decision-making model for the dynamic reconfiguration of distribution networks after contingency situations based on formulations of the selfhealing problem with islanding. This work develops a three-stage algorithm. The first stage applies a greedy reconfiguration heuristic, which calculates the criteria values for each viable network configuration in each hour. To address the variety of criteria, the analytic hierarchy process method is applied to define the weights. The second stage addresses the problem statically to reduce the number of configurations and, therefore, the combinations of step 3. In the third stage, the problem is approached dynamically, generating the optimal sequence of topologies for the analyzed period, while considering the time-varying operational conditions of the system. The proposed heuristic significantly reduces the complexity of the problem while minimizing the following criteria: energy not supplied, losses, number of interrupted consumers and switch operations. The physical constraints of the power grid considered in the proposed model are the line limits, protective equipment settings, voltage limits, distributed generators (DG) limits and network radiality. The proposed model is analyzed in different scenarios in the IEEE 123-bus system, modified with the insertion of DGs. The proposed method is compared with a conventional benchmark model. Date 2021-01-18 Language por Library Catalog repositorio.ufsm.br URL http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/23518 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:22:57 AM Rights Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Extra Accepted: 2022-01-12T12:00:00Z Journal Abbreviation: Methodology for partially dynamic electrical energy restoration in distribution systems with the possibility of microgrids island operation Type Tese University Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:22:57 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:22:57 AM Attachments
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Gerenciamento inteligente dos sistemas de armazenamento de energia elétrica para arbitragem energética
Item Type Thesis Author Jonas Villela de Souza Date 2020-2-12 Language pt Library Catalog DOI.org (Crossref) URL https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18154/tde-14122020-150248/ Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:21:46 AM Extra DOI: 10.11606/D.18.2020.tde-14122020-150248 Place São Carlos Type Mestrado em Sistemas Elétricos de Potência University Universidade de São Paulo Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:21:46 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:21:46 AM Attachments
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Fault localization method for power distribution systems based on gated graph neural networks
Item Type Journal Article Author Jonas Teixeira de Freitas Author Frederico Gualberto Ferreira Coelho Abstract Fault localization is a key task on power systems operation and maintenance. When it comes to distribution networks, the problem is especially challenging due to the non-homogeneous characteristics and unique topology of each feeder. This paper presents a method based on gated graph neural network for automatic fault localization on distribution networks. The method aggregates problem data in a graph, where the feeder topology is represented by the graph links and nodes attributes can encapsulate any selected information such as operated devices, electrical characteristics and measurements at the point. The main advantage of the proposed solution is that it is immune to network reconfiguration and allows the use of a single trained model on multiple feeders. An experiment was conducted with faults simulated on 10 different feeders, all of them based on actual distribution feeders. The results shows that the model is able to generalize the correlations learned on training to correctly predict the fault region in most cases, even on a feeder it has not seen before. Date 2021-10-01 Language en Library Catalog Springer Link URL https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-021-01223-7 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:20:55 AM Volume 103 Pages 2259-2266 Publication Electrical Engineering DOI 10.1007/s00202-021-01223-7 Issue 5 Journal Abbr Electr Eng ISSN 1432-0487 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:20:55 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:20:55 AM Tags:
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A decomposition heuristic algorithm for dynamic reconfiguration after contingency situations in distribution systems considering island operations
Item Type Journal Article Author Iochane Garcia Guimarães Author Daniel Pinheiro Bernardon Author Vinicius Jacques Garcia Author Magdiel Schmitz Author Luciano Lopes Pfitscher Abstract This paper presents a decision-making model for the dynamic reconfiguration of distribution networks after contingency situations based on formulations of the self-healing problem with islanding. This paper develops a three-stage algorithm. The first stage applies a greedy reconfiguration heuristic, which calculates the criteria values for each viable network configuration in each hour. To address the variety of criteria, the analytic hierarchy process method is applied to define the weights. The second stage addresses the problem statically to reduce the number of configurations and, therefore, the combinations of step 3. In the third stage, the problem is approached dynamically, generating the optimal sequence of topologies for the analyzed period, while considering the time-varying operational conditions of the system. The proposed heuristic significantly reduces the complexity of the problem while minimizing the following criteria: energy not supplied, losses, number of interrupted consumers and switch operations. The physical constraints of the power grid considered in the proposed model are the line limits, protective equipment settings, voltage limits, distributed generators (DG) limits and network radiality. The proposed model is analyzed in different scenarios in the IEEE 123-bus system, modified with the insertion of DGs. The proposed method is compared with a conventional benchmark model. Date 2021-03-01 Language en Library Catalog ScienceDirect URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378779620307677 Accessed 4/5/2023, 2:20:10 AM Volume 192 Pages 106969 Publication Electric Power Systems Research DOI 10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106969 Journal Abbr Electric Power Systems Research ISSN 0378-7796 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:20:10 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:20:10 AM Tags:
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EV Charging Simulator for Public Infrastructure Considering Smart Charging and Price Policies
Item Type Conference Paper Author Lucas Zenichi Terada Author Juan Camilo López Author Nataly Bañol Arias Author Marcos J. Rider Author Luiz Carlos Pereira da Silva Author Eduardo P. Lacusta Junior Abstract The popularization of electric vehicles (electric vehicles (EVs)) is becoming an unstoppable trend in modern society. Thus, efficient simulation tools that can predict the EV operation and deployment are significant assets for charging point operators (CPOs), electric mobility service providers (EMSPs), charging service providers (CSPs) and electricity companies. In this paper, an algorithm for simulating the utilization and availability of public EV charging stations (CSs) has been developed. Based on several EV user features, the proposed algorithm generates realistic scenarios of CS availability, utilization, and impact over the distribution network via AC power flows. Moreover, the impact of considering smart charging (i.e., remote CS power limit control) and price policies is also modeled by the proposed algorithm. With these enhancements, the proposed simulation tool is used to predict the aggregated behavior of a population of EV users within the vicinity of two real distribution feeders. Results show the capacity of the proposed algorithm to generate realistic CS utilization statistics subject to different smart charging and price policies. Date 2021-09 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra ISSN: 2643-8798 Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference - Latin America (ISGT Latin America) Conference Name 2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference - Latin America (ISGT Latin America) DOI 10.1109/ISGTLatinAmerica52371.2021.9543029 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:15:24 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:15:24 AM Tags:
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Decentralized BESS Control on a Real Low Voltage System with a Large Number of Prosumers
Item Type Conference Paper Author Bruno Cortes Author Ricardo Torquato Author Tiago R. Ricciardi Author Fernanda C. L. Trindade Author Walmir Freitas Author Victor B. Riboldi Author Kunlin Wu Abstract Recent advances in technology and financial costs reduction are allowing an anticipated insertion of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) in the low-voltage (LV) distribution systems, especially in customers owning a photovoltaic (PV) generation system. On the other hand, utilities are also installing medium-size BESSs on LV systems to assist in system operation. This massive integration of medium and small-sized BESS into PV-rich LV systems can create adverse impacts on the circuit operation as each BESS can operate with a different control mode, with different control settings. Therefore, since there are distinct control modes of operation, it is necessary to analyze them and how their parametrization and combined operation affect the grid indices. The parametrization and impacts of multiple BESS operating in an LV system are investigated in this paper through quasi-static time series simulations on a real LV gated community network with high PV penetration. The results reveal the need for properly coordinating the operation of the multiple BESS, otherwise, operating indices of the grid may deteriorate significantly. Date 2022-06 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 0517-0524 Proceedings Title 2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC) Conference Name 2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC) DOI 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938858 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:13:05 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:13:05 AM Tags:
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Management of an Electrical Storage System for Joint Energy Arbitrage and Improvement of Voltage Profile
Item Type Conference Paper Author Jonas Villela de Souza Author Felipe M. dos S. Monteiro Author Rodrigo B. Otto Author Mauricio Biczkowski Author Eduardo N. Asada Abstract Due to the increasing inclusion of renewable energy sources in the Distribution System (DS), the interest in Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) connected to the network and how to justify the investment has grown. By its attractive features such as fast response and decreasing price, the ESS can be used in various scenarios in the electrical system. Among them, we highlight the profit from the purchase and sale of electricity and the improvement of the voltage profile. The objective of this work is to evaluate the operation of the storage system by using the Multi-objective Evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (MEPSO) to perform energy arbitrage and jointly improve the voltage profile of the network. The MEPSO is used to find a set of operational decisions to buy or store energy using the prices of the Day-Ahead Market (DAM) and, within these decisions, to operate the ESS during the Real-Time Market (RTM) hours. The results are promising and evidence that, through the proposed methodology, it is possible to perform energy arbitrage with the improvement of the voltage profile and a low number of charging/discharging cycles. Date 2020-11 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 1-6 Proceedings Title 2020 Workshop on Communication Networks and Power Systems (WCNPS) Conference Name 2020 Workshop on Communication Networks and Power Systems (WCNPS) DOI 10.1109/WCNPS50723.2020.9263720 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:11:32 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:11:32 AM Tags:
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Mitigation of fault related voltage swell on distribution feeders using DER-based advanced inverter controls
Item Type Conference Paper Author Sushrut Thakar Author Vijay Vittal Author Raja Ayyanar Abstract Unbalanced faults in distribution feeders can impact voltages on the non-faulted phases. This paper models a real-life feeder with a high penetration level of solar photovoltaic (PV) units in detail including the secondary circuits, and shows a large voltage swell in one of the non-faulted phases of the feeder during a single line to ground fault. The voltages seen during this swell are more than 1.2 p.u., which can have detrimental impacts on the connected equipment and can also lead to loss of connected generation. The reason for this voltage swell is found to be the equivalent impedance at the fault location resulting from the ratio of zero and positive sequence cable impedances. It is seen that the connected solar PV units with appropriate control are able to reduce the severity of the voltage swell, especially for higher penetration levels of solar PV considered, but not entirely eliminate it. Date 2022-07 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra ISSN: 1944-9933 Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) Conference Name 2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) DOI 10.1109/PESGM48719.2022.9916858 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:08:53 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:08:53 AM Tags:
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Smart Meter Data Applied to Customer Rephasing for Technical Losses and Voltage Unbalance Mitigation
Item Type Conference Paper Author Vinicius C. Cunha Author Walmir Freitas Author Surya Santoso Abstract Smart meters have been deployed for replacing electromechanical energy meters around the world. As these new devices have the capability to transmit information, utilities seek for new applications and functionalities to add value for the new meters. In this context, this paper presents a method for customer rephasing using measurements of active and reactive powers acquired from customers' smart meters. The main purposes of such an application are to reduce feeders' technical losses and voltage unbalance. A representative express feeder from a Brazilian utility is utilized as a test system. Results show that the proposed method can reduce 33% of technical losses and up to 80% of the voltage unbalance in the system. Additionally, the probabilistic assessment shows that the method performance is robust to missing data, e.g., its efficiency is not impacted for cases when reactive power measurements are not available. Date 2022-07 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra ISSN: 1944-9933 Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) Conference Name 2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM) DOI 10.1109/PESGM48719.2022.9916710 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:07:13 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:07:13 AM Tags:
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Proposal of Connection Assessment Diagrams to Speed up the Studies of Hosting Capacity of PV Generators in MV Distribution Systems
Item Type Conference Paper Author Pedro A. V. Pato Author Fernanda C. L. Trindade Author Tiago R. Ricciardi Author Paulo Meira Author Walmir Freitas Abstract In 2021, an average of 5.5 generators were connected every day in Brazilian MV distribution systems, and 98.9% of these generators are photovoltaic. The increased penetration of MV distributed generation has been accompanied by a rise in the workload of utility planning engineers, who must study and propose solutions to enable the connection of every MV generator. In this context, this work proposes a quick first-assessment approach to identify if the required connection can be approved or if further studies are required. The proposed approach focuses on the most restrictive steady-state technical impacts (overvoltage and overload) related to the increased penetration of MV distributed generators. The proposed approach consists of building connection assessment diagrams that can successfully speed up the required analyses and, consequently, decrease person-hour costs. Date 2022-06 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 0083-0088 Proceedings Title 2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC) Conference Name 2022 IEEE 49th Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (PVSC) DOI 10.1109/PVSC48317.2022.9938661 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:06:32 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:06:32 AM Tags:
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Evaluation of an IoT-based Smart Charging Algorithm for Electric Vehicles Considering Multiprocessing
Item Type Conference Paper Author Lucas Zenichi Terada Author Juan Camilo López Author Cindy P. Guzmán Author Marcos J. Rider Author Luiz C. P. da Silva Abstract The worldwide adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is a trend encouraged by sustainable policies that a growing number of countries are supporting. Consequently, the EV charging market players is a concept that is receiving particular attention, in which the charging station operator (CPO) is the player responsible for the infrastructure of the public EV charging stations (EVCSs). On the other hand, the integration of distributed energy resources (DER) and EVs within the electrical system requires the development of algorithms that allow CPOs to manage renewable energy sources aiming to serve EV charging. Internet of Things (IoT) makes it possible to develop an IoT platform that can help with the integration of a smart charging algorithm with the CPO. In this paper, a characterization of the IoT-middleware DOJOT platform (developed by the Brazilian research center CPqD) combined with two softwares developed under a Brazilian R&D project has been realized. The software under development aims to generate monthly policies for price variation and power limits for EVCSs and to perform smart charging of EVs considering DERs. Additionally, The evaluation was made through the performance of the DOJOT IoT platform and the software according to the number of devices that must be processed, internet connection quality, and multiprocessing. Date 2022-10 Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Pages 1-4 Proceedings Title 2022 Symposium on Internet of Things (SIoT) Conference Name 2022 Symposium on Internet of Things (SIoT) DOI 10.1109/SIoT56383.2022.10070129 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:03:03 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:03:03 AM Tags:
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Distribution Network Planning for Smart Grids: CIM and OpenDSS as allies in the process
Item Type Conference Paper Author P. Fernández-Porras Author R. González-Solís Author B. Molina-Guzmán Abstract Distribution networks are exposed to new challenges due to the evolution of technology, requiring planning engineers to perform studies with greater regularity with more detailed electric models, to improve network decision-making processes. This paper proposes an approach to periodically build, a validated OpenDSS distribution network model for network planning, converting electric elements of Geographic Information System to Common Information Model files, which can be used to feed Distribution System Management and OpenDSS platforms, closing gaps between these two systems. The proposal enables a fast conversion of 100% of a distribution network, reducing time for decision making and giving more robustness to planning studies and further analysis. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in creating suitable and open-source network models, with high accuracy, for a variety of studies for network planning helping Smart Grid implementation and power quality enhancements. Date 2021-09 Short Title Distribution Network Planning for Smart Grids Library Catalog IEEE Xplore Extra ISSN: 2643-8798 Pages 1-5 Proceedings Title 2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference - Latin America (ISGT Latin America) Conference Name 2021 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference - Latin America (ISGT Latin America) DOI 10.1109/ISGTLatinAmerica52371.2021.9543053 Date Added 4/5/2023, 2:01:22 AM Modified 4/5/2023, 2:01:22 AM Tags:
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